Sanitation Library
Total results: 4447
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The Sanitation Workers Knowledge + Learning Hub is the best source for all current news, trends, articles and updates on sanitation workers rights around the world.
1866 Views
30 Downloads
Traditional alternatives have included: lined pit latrines, raised latrines and urine diverting dry toilets (UDDTs). These alternatives might be suitable in addressing the unfavourable ground conditions, but are not necessarily able to address the constraints encountered in the urban environment. For this reason agencies have started to take a closer look at some of the newer container based …
1903 Views
72 Downloads
A septic tank takes raw sewage in, allows the solids to settle (sludge) and allows the remaining liquid to flow into the surrounding soil by means of a soakaway. Scum on the surface is also prevented from leaving the tank. Microorganisms in the anaerobic environment in the tank digest the sludge and scum. The system consists of several stages, supply to the tank, the tank itself and the soak …
4031 Views
147 Downloads
A Bio-latrine is low maintenance system comprising a combination of a toilet and a bio-digester unit. It can be constructed using local materials and requires no machinery or fuel input other than human waste. This brief looks at the option of using bio-latrines, an on-site dry toilet technology which generates fertilising materials and fuel from the human excreta.
3280 Views
229 Downloads
Research on anaerobic digestion solutions for low - and middle-income countries has shown that there is a wealth of knowledge and experience with small- and medium-scale digesters built in rural areas where manure from a few cattle and some household waste is used as feedstock. However, anaerobic digestion still seems to play a negligible role as a treatment option in urban settings for organic …
1105 Views
6 Downloads
Within S(P)EEDKITS, workpackage WP3- “watsan” (water and sanitation) focuses on the development of flexible sanitation solutions suited for emergency cases and on low cost water kits that help to generate, transport and store (potable) water. Focus in both domains is on the easy deployment of the kits. This document reports on the prototypes for the various watsan kits and the outcome of the …
2097 Views
26 Downloads
The purpose of this document is to explain the intent and requirements of the Part 503 rule and to assist owner/operators in determining the extent to which their biosolids management operation is covered. To help clarify the intent of the Part 503 rule! this guidance document sometimes uses terms that do not appear in the rule itself and organizes information differently from the rule. For …
4072 Views
467 Downloads
The book includes detailed descriptions of all the process steps to be followed during the production of biogas, from the preparation of the suitable substrate to the use of biogas, the end product. Each individual stage is assessed and discussed in depth, taking the different aspects like application and potential into account. Biological, chemical, and engineering processes are detailed in the …
3708 Views
240 Downloads
For two decades, solid waste components in World Bank projects have focused on collection of solid wastes, with equipment provided to upgrade operations at existing open dumps. Since early 1990, the private sector has become increasingly being involved in the collection, disposal, and treatment of solid waste and World Bank projects have placed greater priority on implementation of new sanitary …
3962 Views
57 Downloads
The Financing Sanitation Paper Series is a unique collection of six articles about different aspects of sustainable financing of sanitation (in emerging markets) - from financial inclusion to private funding and from micro insurance to climate financing. “The essence of public and private funding for sanitation” is the second in a series of six papers on sustainable financing of sanitation.
4019 Views
65 Downloads
Unilever believes that business has a role to play in solving the global sanitation crisis that leaves 2.5 billion people without access to improved sanitation. In 2012, Unilever convened the Toilet Board, a group of likeminded companies, NGOs and research professionals, with expertise in sanitation and a desire to take immediate action to address this issue. The Toilet Board aims to foster …
1709 Views
48 Downloads
“Human waste” is a term that has traditionally been used to refer only to human excrements, namely fecal material and urine, which are by-products of the human digestive system. When discarded, these materials are colloquially known as human waste. When recycled for agricultural purposes, however, they’re known by various names, including night soil (when applied raw to fields in Asia) and …
1396 Views
12 Downloads
Greening innovation and urban agriculture can bring dignity, empowerment and food sovereignty to refugee communities. Simple technologies and waste recovery make these techniques cost effective and adaptable. Both should be central to designing, implementing and sustaining both refugee camps and overcrowded urban areas. This report examines current and potential use of greening innovation and …
1665 Views
49 Downloads
The use of a vermifilter containing Eisenia fetida to degrade human faeces in a continuous wet system was explored. This paper aimed to understand the formation of vermicompost within the system, the quality of the effluent produced, and the effect of different bedding matrices. Eight filters were constructed, utilising four different bedding materials: four of these systems were seeded with 400 …
4227 Views
154 Downloads
In 2016 the Toilet Board Coalition ran a feasibility study to explore the potential role of sanitation in the circular economy. The following questions were at the centre of our inquiry:
• Are there products or materials of value being upcycled from toilet resources?
• Are there scalable business models to deliver sustainable supply of these products to the market?
• Is there …
2201 Views
41 Downloads
The Institute for Fiscal Studies, in collaboration with WASTE, organized the conference “Beyond Development Aid: Sanitation Financing & Revenue Models in Reuse (human) Waste” in The Hague, Netherlands, the 15th of May 2017.
This conference brought together from different parts of the world; academics, practicioners and policymakers with the aim to generate knowledge regarding sanitation …
2668 Views
39 Downloads
Market based programming is increasingly heralded as having a critical place in the future of humanitarian programming. The proposed benefits of working through existing market systems include improvements to speed, efficiency and effectiveness of programming and increased beneficiary dignity and choice. Advocates for market based approaches claim that, where feasible, they promote economic …
2190 Views
33 Downloads
Nitrogen is one of the principal nutrients found in wastewater. Discharges containing nitrogen can severely damage a water resource and it’s associated ecosystem. As a result, several chemical, physical and biological processes have been used to promote the removal of nitrogen. Nitrification and denitrification are two suggested processes that significantly reduce nitrogen levels in wastewater. …
3446 Views
157 Downloads
Treatment wetlands are natural treatment technologies that efficiently treat many different types of polluted water. Treatment wetlands are engineered systems designed to optimise processes found in natural environments and are therefore considered environmentally friendly and sustainable options for wastewater treatment. Compared to other wastewater treatment technologies, treatment wetlands …
