NGWA (2013) Brackish Groundwater NGWA Information Brief
Brackish water does not have an exact definition, but it is typically defined as distastefully salty but less saline than seawater (between 1,000 to 10,000 ppm [parts per million] in total dissolved solids [TDS]). In addition to certain surface water settings such as estuaries, brackish water can be found in aquifers. In some regions of the country with limited availability of freshwater, desalination of brackish […]
Online since: 24.03.2021
Views: 800
Downloads: 72
Ngai, T. K., Baker, D., Coff, B. (2020) Recent advances in household biosand filter design
The biosand filter is an intermittent-flow adaptation of slow sand filtration technology. Developed over 20 years ago and now with 15+ years’ operating experience in households, it has established a reputation for effectiveness, durability, and sustained use. Research, field evaluations, and understanding of the nature of intermittent filter operation have led to advances in the design of the biosand filter as well as the specifications […]
Online since: 24.03.2021
Views: 840
Downloads: 1379
USAID, AAE (2021) MuniWASH - Role of Municipalities in the Provision of Water and Sanitation Services in Benin (in English and French)
Decentralization in Benin. In February 1990, the Conférence de Forces Vives de la Nation defined the Government of Benin’s plan to grant communes more legal and financial autonomy. The Beninese government outlined a vision that “Benin is organized into autonomous spaces, called communes, intended as public spaces of freedom, as initiatives, as an exercise of citizens' rights and participation offered to the different actors and […]
Online since: 24.03.2021
Views: 900
Downloads: 168
Byrne, A., Mirara, S. W., Singh, A., Septien, S., Velkushanova, K., Buckley, C. A. (2018) Final report WRC project K5/2137: Characterisation of On-Site Sanitation Material and Products: VIP Latrines and Pour-Flush Toilets (Volume 1 and 2 available)
This report from a research project funded by the Water Research Commission is divided into 2 volumes. Volume 1: In South Africa, the Pour-Flush system is viewed as an upgrade from the Ventilated Improved Pit latrine (VIP), which is the standard for basic sanitation in the country. PID successfully ran a pilot scheme involving the installation of approximately 25 Pour-Flush latrines in the greater Edendale area (Slangspruit, […]
Online since: 23.03.2021
Views: 2759
Downloads: 166
Septien, S., Mugauri, T., Singh, A., Inambao, F. (2019) Final report WRC Project K5/2582: Drying of Faecal Sludge using Solar Thermal Energy
Solar thermal energy, an abundant and free source of energy in the world, particularly in a major part of developing countries, could supplement heat for drying purposes, leading to the decrease of the operating costs. In the sanitation sector, the use of solar energy for faecal sludge drying has been minimal, with only a few cases. Possible reasons for the low use of solar drying […]
Online since: 23.03.2021
Views: 4620
Downloads: 152
UNICEF (2021) Water Security for All Reimagining WASH
Today, 1.42 billion people – including 450 million children – live in areas of high or extremely high water vulnerability. Less than 3 per cent of the world’s water resources is freshwater, and it is growing increasingly scarce. Decades of misuse, poor management, over-extraction of groundwater and contamination of freshwater supplies have exacerbated water stress. At the same time, demand for water is rising due to […]
Online since: 23.03.2021
Views: 1786
Downloads: 75
Straaten, L., Reckerzügl, T., Verheij, A., Wiebe, C., Andersson, K., Rüd, S. (2021) Shaping the water sector to be more climate resilient A plea for greater and wider collaboration
Celebrating World Water Day 2021 on March 22nd, six experts, backed by five organizations (Stockholm Environment Institute, GIZ, Viva con Agua, WaterWorX and EXP-Consult) present a plea for greater and wider collaboration to shape the water sector to become more climate resilient. Improved management of water and sanitation services is fundamental not only for climate change adaptation but also for mitigation – and collaboration plays […]
Online since: 22.03.2021
Views: 4195
Downloads: 508
University of Leeds (2021) SFD Promotion Initiative Phase 3: Enhancing User Experience
This report is a summary of a virtual meeting held on 9th September 2020, and hosted by the University of Leeds. The background information is found below. In Phase 3 the SFD-PI are working to enhance the tools and resources available to support users to produce an SFD graphic. The inherent simplicity of the SFD should make it accessible to a wide range of stakeholders. However, […]
Online since: 19.03.2021
Views: 1565
Downloads: 63
Mudgal, A. K. (2002) Draft Review of the Household Arsenic Removal Technology Options
Arsenic is widely distributed element in the earth’s crust and ranks twentieth in elemental presence. As a Group V element, arsenic exhibits a broad range of chemical reactivity and it is commercially used in alloys with lead. Arsenic in natural water has been reported from several countries including Bangladesh, China, Chile, Ghana, India, Nepal, Rumania, Taiwan, USA and Vietnam. In India, arsenic pollution is mostly […]
Online since: 18.03.2021
Views: 1349
Downloads: 63
TNUSSP (2016) City Sanitation Plan: Periyanaicken-Palayam
The current document presents the City Sanitation Plan for PNP. PNP is one of the cluster towns selected for implementing fecal sludge management in Tamil Nadu. This plan is curated from the sanitation situation analysis which included identifying major components of sanitation (water supply, storm water drainage and solid waste management), issues related to it, and possible solutions.
Online since: 17.03.2021
Views: 1554
Downloads: 49
TNUSSP (2016) City Sanitation Plan: Narasimhanaicken-Palayam
This document presents the City Sanitation Plan for NNP. NNP is one of the cluster towns selected for implementing fecal sludge management in Tamil Nadu. This plan is curated from the sanitation situation analysis, which included identifying major components of sanitation (water supply, storm water drainage and solid waste management), and analysing related issues and possible solutions.
Online since: 17.03.2021
Views: 1556
Downloads: 49
TNUSSP (2018) Vulnerability Assessment of Slums in Periyanaicken-Palayam and Narasimhanaicken-Palayam
To understand the vulnerability of the slums, all eleven slums in the town panchayats of Periyanaicken Palayam and Narasimhanaicken Palayam in Coimbatore were profiled using a range of indicators including location, migration, housing, water, sanitation, drainage, electricity, demography, and health seeking among others. This assessment helped categorise and prioritise slums in terms of their vulnerability, and to design and implement programmes for their improvement.
Online since: 17.03.2021
Views: 1213
Downloads: 53
TNUSSP (2018) Scoping Study on Menstrual Hygiene Management in Periyanaicken-Palayam and Narasimhanaicken-Palayam
Improper disposal of menstrual waste is a noteworthy challenge when it comes to Menstrual Hygiene Management (MHM). Polymeric sanitary napkins, which have largely replaced cloth napkins, are made of material that is non-biodegradable, leading to the accumulation of used napkins in landfills. Accumulated menstrual waste can be hazardous because menstrual blood on napkins stagnates for a long time allowing pathogens such as Escherichia coli (E-coli) […]
Online since: 17.03.2021
Views: 1657
Downloads: 49
TNUSSP (2018) Assessment of Community and Public Toilets in Periyanaicken-Palayam and Narasimhanaicken-Palayam
TNUSSP carried an assessment of Community Toilets and Public Toilets facilities in the two town panchayats Periyanaicken-Palayam and Narasimhanaicken-Palayam in Coimbatore district. The assessment aimed to profile the facilities in terms of their existing infrastructure, waste and waste management, and operation and maintenance practices. Further, toilet usage patterns were analysed and exit interviews with facility users for their feedback was undertaken. Community of user and […]
Online since: 17.03.2021
Views: 1201
Downloads: 48
TNUSSP (2018) Desludging Operators in Periyanaicken-Palayam and Narasimhanaicken-Palayam: An Overview
Safe collection and safe disposal of fecal sludge is a critical component of septage management in which desludging operators play a central role. In order to understand their work, consultations were conducted with desludging operators in the Periyanaicken Palayam and Narasimhanaicken Palayam town panchayats of Coimbatore district. These consultations aimed to understand the current desludging practices, the different kinds of business models and the overall […]
Online since: 17.03.2021
Views: 1300
Downloads: 50
TNUSSP (2018) Compendium of Innovative Technologies for Urban Sanitation
This is a Compendium of technology options for various components in the urban sanitation chain. This Compendium is contextual to the geographic and economic conditions for the state of Tamil Nadu and aims to provide the user with a broad range of innovative sanitation systems and technologies that can be implemented on the ground. This document is designed to act as a reference guide and […]
Online since: 16.03.2021
Views: 1831
Downloads: 125
TNUSSP (2018) Suitability of On-site Sanitation Systems across Tamil Nadu
On-site sanitation systems (OSS) remain the dominant household arrangement across the state of Tamil Nadu for urban sanitation. Given that these OSS are spread over different hydrogeological zones, factors such as aquifer systems, soil drainage characteristics, groundwater levels and flood hazard areas have a bearing on their suitability. A study was undertaken for the state of Tamil Nadu to understand how these factors collectively determine […]
Online since: 16.03.2021
Views: 1221
Downloads: 1921
TNUSSP (2017) Tamil Nadu State Baseline Study: Technical Assessment of Sanitation Chain
TNUSSP carried out a baseline study in 36 ULBs across seven different agro- climatic zones to develop an understanding of the sanitation situation across the various region in the State of Tamil Nadu. The study used both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods to elicit information from various stakeholders including household members, masons, public toilet and community toilet operators, desludging operators, treatment facility operators and […]
Online since: 16.03.2021
Views: 1800
Downloads: 2884
TNUSSP (2016) Baseline Studies for Urban Sanitation: Tiruchirappalli, Periyanaicken-Palayam, Narasimhanaicken-Palayam
TNUSSP carried out a baseline study in Tiruchirappalli city and the two town panchayats of Periyanaicken- Palayam and Narasimhanaicken-Palayam in Coimbatore district. The study aimed to profile households, establishments and schools in these locations in terms of their arrangement for toilets, existing containment types, collection, conveyance, and disposal mechanism along with water supply arrangements. Further, solid waste management and menstrual hygiene practices were also discussed […]
Online since: 16.03.2021
Views: 1078
Downloads: 45
TNUSSP (2019) Kilakarai Baseline Study for Urban Sanitation
TNUSSP carried out a baseline study in Kilakarai municipality to understand the current situation of access to sanitation and arrangements made for fecal sludge management in households and establishments. The findings from the study provide an overview of the gaps and challenges across the sanitation chain in Kilakarai in effective implementation and monitoring of septage management.
Online since: 16.03.2021
Views: 1432
Downloads: 53
