Skinner, B., Shaw, R. (1999) Protecting springs - an alternative to spring boxes
Many publications describe the protection of springs from contamination using spring boxes. The construction of such a structure takes time and money, and in many cases it may not be really necessary. A spring box can be useful as: -A sedimentation chamber where particles of sand carried in the spring water can settle out. -A storage chamber, which is useful for springs where the peak rate of demand […]
Online since: 30.03.2021
Views: 2183
Downloads: 137
SKAT, RWSN (2008) Installation & Maintenance Manual for the India Mark II Handpump
The “India Mark II Handpump” was developed in India more than 30 years ago and it is designed for lifting water from deep wells up to 50 m. Strict maintenance of deep-well pumps is very important to keep them operational. Therefore the pump users must be trained and willing to make regular maintenance in a disciplined manner. Spare parts that require regular replacements must be […]
Online since: 30.03.2021
Views: 4198
Downloads: 426
Siemens Industry Inc. (2011) Operation & Maintenance Manual HP1220 Granular Activated Carbon Adsorption System
This manual covers a general description of the equipment and operating procedures for a HP1220 High Pressure Carbon Adsorption Systems. The Carbon Systems are designed to provide many years of trouble free service. To achieve this, the Carbon System equipment must be properly handled and installed to obtain the desired results. Failure to do so can cause premature equipment malfunctions and/or undesirable System performance. Siemens […]
Online since: 30.03.2021
Views: 999
Downloads: 106
Shehadeh, N.H. (2015) Solar-Powered Pumping in Lebanon A Comprehensive Guide on Solar Water Pumping Solutions
UNDP is supporting vulnerable host-communities in various areas of Lebanon including the development and construction of water networks and the improvement of livelihoods, particularly in the agricultural sector. For example, within the umbrella of the Lebanese Centre for Water Management and Conservation (LCWMC) at the Ministry of Energy and Water, a project funded by the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation aims to improve the […]
Online since: 30.03.2021
Views: 1783
Downloads: 74
CWIS TA-Hub (2021) SANIMAS - Final Report Independent Evaluation of SANIMAS Model as an Approach for Providing Decentralised Sanitation
According to RPJMN 2020–2024 figures, in 2018 almost 75 percent of the Indonesian population has access to improved sanitation nationally. This includes almost 7.5 percent classified as safely managed sanitation services based on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2030 definitions. These figures are impressive considering the low base of sanitation coverage with which the country has been evolving from. Since the early 2000s, the Indonesian government has implemented important policy interventions […]
Online since: 30.03.2021
Views: 2003
Downloads: 166
Skinner, B. and Shaw, R. (1999) Improving Pond Water
Wherever possible, a community should avoid the health risks which result from using contaminated pond water, by using an alternative, good-quality source. (Groundwater or rainwater sources will usually produce water of much better quality.) If a pond is the only source of water, the implementation of some of the ideas in this Technical Brief should improve the quality of the water. It is not easy […]
Online since: 29.03.2021
Views: 1563
Downloads: 69
Skinner, B. and Shaw, R. (1999) VLOM pump
A VLOM pump is one which can be operated and sustained using Village Level Operation and Maintenance. The term VLOMM is also used, meaning Village Level Operation and Management of Maintenance. This addition emphasizes the role of users as the managers of maintenance – they may choose to use someone from outside the village to assist with more complicated repairs. Not all maintenance and repair […]
Online since: 29.03.2021
Views: 1295
Downloads: 67
Elson, B., and Shaw, R. (1999) Low-lift irrigation pumps
Small-scale irrigation is a key factor in the development of many rural communities in developing countries. A variety of water-lifting devices have been used in the past and this Technical Brief describes some of the most practical and efficient pumps in use today.
Online since: 29.03.2021
Views: 1470
Downloads: 88
American Water Works Association (2007) Reverse Osmosis and Nanofiltration AWWA MANUAL M46
This publication provides a general introduction to the reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) membrane treatment processes. The subjects addressed in this chapter should serve as the basic foundation for a broader understanding of RO and NF processes as applied to potable water, industrial process water, tertiary wastewater, and reclaimed water treatment, and include a general overview of the technology (i.e., types of processes, history […]
Online since: 29.03.2021
Views: 1413
Downloads: 220
ALNAP (2014) Urban WASH in Emergencies
From the 24 – 28 March 2014, RedR held a pilot course for 24 WASH experts on the subject of addressing the social, institutional and technical gaps that currently exist for water, sanitation and hygiene provision in the urban emergency context. This document, produced as a partnership between ALNAP and RedR, captures the key messages, lessons and experiences of both course facilitators and participants on […]
Online since: 29.03.2021
Views: 841
Downloads: 51
Allspeeds Ltd (2021) Blake Hydram Water Powered Pumps
The modern Hydram uses a very old principle of physics in a simple but effective way to move water from a stream or river to places where it is most needed. Where there is suitable clean water available, it can provide supplies to remote houses or communities, allow irrigation of inaccessible areas and maintain feed water for stock in areas at a distance from water […]
Online since: 29.03.2021
Views: 1768
Downloads: 98
Allgeier, S. (2005) Membrane Filtration Guidance Manual
The purpose of this guidance manual is to provide technical information on the use of membrane filtration and application of the technology for compliance with the Long Term 2 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, which would require certain systems to provide additional treatment for Cryptosporidium. The requirements of this rule, as they relate to membrane filtration, are summarized in Chapter 1 of this manual. This […]
Online since: 29.03.2021
Views: 1765
Downloads: 72
Roeder, L. (2016) SFD Report -Tirupati, India
Tirupati is situated in Chittoor district in the southern of the state of Andhra Pradesh. The town is administered by the Municipal Corporation of Tirupati (MCT) and is divided into 36 wards. The city covers an area of about 27 km2 with a total population of just under 375,000 (Census, 2011; GIZ, 2014). The current decadal growth rate lies at 26 %, which results in a […]
Online since: 29.03.2021
Views: 1619
Downloads: 108
Alley, W. M., Reilly, T.E., Franke, O.L. (1999) Sustainability of Ground-Water Resources U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1186
Ground water is one of the Nation’s most important natural resources. It provides about 40 percent of the Nation’s public water supply. In addition, more than 40 million people, including most of the rural population, supply their own drinking water from domestic wells. As a result, ground water is an important source of drinking water in every State. Ground water is also the source of […]
Online since: 26.03.2021
Views: 1376
Downloads: 2177
EPA (2006) Ultraviolet Disinfection Guidance Manual for the Final Long Term 2 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule
Interest in using ultraviolet (UV) light to disinfect drinking water is growing among public water systems (PWSs) due to its ability to inactivate pathogenic microorganisms without forming regulated disinfection byproducts (DBPs). UV light has proven effective against some pathogens, such as Cryptosporidium, that are resistant to commonly used disinfectants like chlorine. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) developed the Long Term 2 Enhanced Surface […]
Online since: 26.03.2021
Views: 2398
Downloads: 3856
Roberts, M. (2003) Ceramic Water Purifier Cambodia Field Tests IDE Working Paper No. 1
This report summarizes results from a year-long pilot project in Cambodia to test the Ceramic Water Purifier, a low-cost household water treatment technology that removes microbiological contamination at the point of use. The pilot project was conducted by International Development Enterprises (IDE) with financial assistance from the Health and Nutrition Initiatives Fund supported by the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA). The Ceramic Water Purifier (CWP) consists […]
Online since: 26.03.2021
Views: 1444
Downloads: 2300
WHO (2016) Protecting Surface Water for Health Identifying, Assessing and Managing Drinking-Water Quality Risks in Surface-Water Catchments
Safe drinking-water is essential to sustain life – it is the basis for human health, survival, growth and development. Therefore, access to safe drinking-water is a basic human right. Recognition of this right contributes to the survival of human beings and disease prevention, because water is used not only for drinking, but also for many other purposes such as hygiene, food production, agriculture, cooking and […]
Online since: 26.03.2021
Views: 1259
Downloads: 69
Reed, B., Bevan, J. (2014) Managing hygiene promotion in WASH programmes
Managers of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) programmes normally acknowledge that people need to behave in a hygienic manner to protect water supplies and ensure that sanitation facilities are used properly. However, promoting hygienic behaviour differs from the construction of infrastructure, with indicators of progress being less concrete. This means campaigns need to be planned and carried out in a suitable manner. A number of studies […]
Online since: 26.03.2021
Views: 1527
Downloads: 78
Reed, B. (2013) Measuring chlorine levels in water supplies Technical Notes on Drinking-Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Emergencies
As the quality of water can be seriously affected by a disaster or an emergency, it is best practice to disinfect all emergency water supplies. The most common way of disinfecting is with chlorine. This technical note explains why disinfection is important, why chlorine is used, how it works, how to test for its presence and where and when to test.
Online since: 26.03.2021
Views: 1517
Downloads: 64
Reed, B. (2013) Delivering safe water by tanker Technical Notes on Drinking-Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Emergencies Delivering Safe Water By Tanker
Water tankering (also known as water trucking) can be a rapid means of transporting water to areas in need during the initial phase of an emergency. Tankering operations, however, are expensive and relatively time-consuming to administer. This technical note considers key issues relating to the effective and efficient use of tankers during an emergency.
Online since: 26.03.2021
Views: 1155
Downloads: 182
