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Una Nueva Alternativa Ecologica Para El Saneamiento En Argentina (in Spanish)

Peralta, E. (2020)

Published in: 2020
Pages: 6

Publisher:
ECOSAN (Ecological Sanitation)

Author:
Peralta, E.

Uploaded by:
SuSanA Admin

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Los principales desafíos mundiales que existen en el sector de saneamiento son los millones de personas que no cuentan sin ningún tipo de sistema de saneamiento, los efectos a la salud que esto produce, la escasez de agua y contaminación, inseguridad en los alimentos, crecimiento desproporcionado en las áreas urbanas y las inadecuadas opciones sanitarias actuales.

En función de ello, la Agencia de Cooperación y Desarrollo Internacional (SIDA) y el Instituto de Medioambiente (SEI) de Suecia formaron y respaldaron en 1990 un grupo internacional de planificadores urbanos, ecologistas, ingenieros, biólogos, agrónomos, arquitectos y especialistas del campo social quienes desarrollaron un sistema de saneamiento alternativo al cual denominaron “Ecological Sanitation”; conocido y aplicado internacionalmente por su forma más abreviada como ECOSAN. Su fundamento es separar en origen la orina de la materia fecal basándose en tres principios fundamentales:
-Prevenir la contaminación en vez de ampliar la infraestructura sanitaria para tratar los efluentes cloacales previo a sus vertidos a los cursos superficiales.
-Higienizar la orina y la materia fecal para prevenir fundamentalmente las enfermedades hídricas que representan el 2º riesgo mundial (6,8%) en disminuir la expectativa de vida (1).
-Aplicar el concepto de reuso de los efluentes cloacales separados como productos seguros en la fertilización natural para la agricultura

Durante fines del 2005 y principios del 2006, la Agencia Sueca seleccionó y becó por primera vez a tres participantes de Argentina, para asistir a los cursos de capacitación sobre ECOSAN. Siendo una de ellas y conociendo la problemática ambiental existente en diferentes zonas del país como la escasez de agua; asentamientos precarios; pequeñas poblaciones, áreas rurales, complejos habitacionales y zonas turisticas sin infraestructura cloacal, contaminación de cursos superficiales, utilización de fertilizantes químicos , insuficiencia en la capacidad de plantas de tratamientos , etc. ; es que se considera que es muy importante difundir esta información en los diferentes niveles de decisión política y profesional para permitir posteriormente su evaluación con respecto a la factibilidad de su aplicación en nuestro entorno.

Bibliographic information

Peralta, E. (2020). Una Nueva Alternativa Ecologica Para El Saneamiento En Argentina (in Spanish). ECOSAN (Ecological Sanitation)

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Latin America & Caribbean Politicians and local decision makers Practitioners Spanish

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