Directorate for Public Health and Environment KCCA (0) Minimum Standards for Onsite Sanitation Technology Options in Kampala

Availability of adequate sanitation services is one of the most significant development challenges experienced in the rapidly growing Kampala city. Over 90% of Kampala’s population relies on on-site sanitation which include flush (pour and cistern) toilets, Urine Diversion Dehydrating Toilets (UDDTs), Ventilated Improved Pit Latrines (VIPs) and traditional pit latrines. The toilets are put up by individuals and different institutions with no proper guidance to inform […]

Värri, L. (2020) Yleisökuivakäymälöiden jätehuollon kehittäminen luonnon virkistyskäyttöaluei (in Finnish) - Development of public dry toilet waste management in recreational wilderness areas, Case: Metsähallitus

Dry toilets are one of the basic services provided for visitors in recreational wilderness areas. Operational environment for toilet waste management in these areas is challenging. At the same time the growing number of visitors in recreational areas is increasing the stress and loading on service infrastructure etc. toilets. The objective of this study was to recognize the major challenges in toilet waste management in […]

Cavicchi, J., Davis, E., Gaynor, C., Kennedy, B., Lally, C., Nace, K., Noe-Hays, A. (2020) Village Sanitation Pilot Study: Uniting Land Use Planning, Community Development, and Eco-Sanitation in Southeastern Vermont

This study was the first to comprehensively assess the possibility of eco-sanitation options to help address village wastewater challenges in Vermont. In each village, site visits were conducted with participants to gauge the feasibility of a variety of composting and urine-diverting toilet systems. Of the options considered, a urine diverting flush toilet was identified as one of the more feasible options for retrofitting existing buildings. […]

Daudey, L. (2018) The cost of urban sanitation solutions: a literature review

The main objective of this paper is to review the literature on and compare the lifecycle costs of full sanitation chain systems in developing cities of Africa and Asia. Overall, financial cost reporting methodologies have been inconsistent and many studies only focus on capital costs or do not report cost data on desludging, transport and treatment. In addition, a comparative analysis of raw cost data […]

Atlee, J., Noe-Hays, A., Nace, K., Schreiber, T., Davis, A., Lally, C., Dotson, S. (2019) Guide to Starting a Community-Scale Urine Diversion Program

The Rich Earth Institute’s Urine Nutrient Reclamation Program (UNRP) is the first community-scale urine diversion program (UD program) in the United States. Initiated in 2012, we now divert thousands of gallons of urine from the wastewater stream annually. We recycle the urine into sanitized fertilizer and apply it to hay fields on participating farms in Windham County, Vermont. Demand for urine fertilizer among participating farmers […]

Various Authors (2018) Dry Toilet Conference 2018 presentations and posters

The 6th International Dry Toilet Conference 2018 was held in Tampere, Finland on 22nd – 24th August 2018. The theme of the conference was Dry Toilet Goes Circular with a focus on Cooperation, Co-creation and Experimentation. Please find the oral presentations and poster presentations below via the links to the page of the GlobalDry Toilet association of Finland. ***** Oral Presentations: ***** Alisa Keesey: Container-based […]

SuSanA (2010) Promoting Ecological Sanitation in Kenya

This project was financed by EU, SIDA and GTZ (BMZ). It had been implemented by the EcoSan Promotion Project of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) in 2007 to 2010. More than 800 toilets, so called Urine Diversion Dehydration Toilets (UDDTs) were constructed with CBOs and beneficiaries at households and at schools in rural and peri-urban areas. A different technology called pour-flush toilets in […]

SuSanA (2010) School sanitation - a common challenge in Kenya

School sanitation - a common challenge in Kenya. The video shows the state of toilets and their negative influence on the hygiene situation and learning conditions in schools. The installation of ecosan systems is generating the confidence amongst the school staff to solve their sanitation problems and to gain from the benefits of biogas use, fertilizer and the irrigation water thereby saving on costs and […]

Various Authors (2007) Water and Food Security for Latin America International Conference in Fortaleza, Brazil Conference materials

The International Conference on Sustainable Sanitation "Water and Food Security for Latin America" was organized by Ecosanlac and the Federal University of Ceará with support of the IWA specialist group. It took place from 26-29 November 2007 in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil and became a very successful event and exceeded the expectations of the organizers. During four days, more than 200 local and international participants had the […]

Various Authors (2009) The 3rd International Dry Toilet Conference in Tampere, Finland Conference materials

The 3rd International Dry Toilet Conference was held in Tampere, Finland, on 12-15 August 2009 and was organised by the Global Dry Toilet Association of Finland in cooperation with Tampere University of Technology, University of Tampere and Tampere University for Applied Sciences. 184 delegates from 47 countries gathered together to discuss various aspects of dry/ecological sanitation.The main theme of the conference has been the evaluation of […]

Various Authors (2010) SuSanA Workshop in Mtwara, Tanzania Conference materials

The SuSanA workshop aimed at capacity building for the Water Supply and Sanitation Authorities (WSSA) from seven towns in Tanzania which participate in the program called „Seven Towns Upgrading Program“ financed by the EU water facility and KfW (grant financed). This program is contracted out by the Tanzanian Ministry of Finance and managed by the Ministry of Water and Irrigation. It covers feasibility studies and […]

Various Authors (2012) Acceptance of the innovative sanitation system and the utilisation of human urine within SANIRESCH Project

The acceptance of the innovative sanitation system and the utilisation of human urine was investigated within the SANIRSCH-project. In conjunction with the agricultural production / legal situation component farmers were asked if they would be willing to fertilise their agricultural crops with human urine. In a second study consumers were asked if they would find products fertilised with urine acceptable. Final results were expected in […]

Eremutha, F. et al. (2016) Evaluation of sanitary conditions in Kuje Market in Abuja, Nigeria with diverse cultural practices and provision of a Dry Ecological Toilet System

This paper presents the general sanitation practices by the traders in a major market in Kuje located in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja and our efforts in reorientating the market stakeholders towards the provision and use of a new dry sanitation toilet complex. The market is known for its diversity in Nigerian ethnicity, culture and the variety of goods and services. A novel toilet […]

Various authors (2015) 3rd International Faecal Sludge Management Conference 2015 Hanoi, Vietnam

The Third International Faecal Sludge Management Conference was held in Hanoi from the 18th to the 21st of January 2015. More than 700 delegates from around the world shared ideas and discussed challenges and opportunities in on-site sanitation. Below you find the list of papers in chronological order by day (Day 1-3) and room (room 1-3 ). In order to search by author, simply press "Ctrl+F" […]

Hill, B. G. (2013) An evaluation of waterless human waste management systems at North American public remote sites

The absence of sewers and roads at backcountry sites makes the management of human excreta offensive, intensive, and expensive. Proper management is essential in order to prevent deleterious pathogen and nutrient discharge. The dearth of resources, vague certification standards, absence of monitoring, and erroneous popular perception have caused misapplication of systems and mismanagement of end products. Elevated environmental impacts, human health risks, and management costs […]

Rosemarin, A., McConville, J., Flores, A., Qiang, Z. (2012) The Challenges of Urban Ecological Sanitation: Lessons from the Erdos Eco-Town Project, China

The book highlights the experience of implementing the Erdos Eco-Town Project in Inner Mongolia, China, the largest-scale urban ecological sanitation project to date. The need for improved sanitation around the world is becoming a crisis, and the situation is particularly critical in urban and peri-urban areas in developing countries. Here the population is growing rapidly, and where sanitation is provided, the means to treat and dispose […]

Mnguni M., Ndlovu S., Gounden T., Pfaff W., Rodda N. and Buckley C. (2008) Health Risk Assessment of the Operation and Maintenance of Urine Diversion Toilets in eThekwini Municipality

BMGF (2014) Reinvent the Toilet Challenge, Delhi, India Program and Technical Guides

Featuring partners of key Government of India ministries, and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the fair showcased innovative products and approaches that aim to bring safe, affordable, and sustainable sanitation to those who need it most. These include efforts to create toilets that are not connected to water, sewer, or electricity; to improve the collection, treatment, and disposal of human waste; to address behavior change; and to raise awareness of this critical issue for governments, […]

GTZ (2006) Private urine diversion dehydration toilets in peri-urban areas in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal Data sheets for ecosan projects

Larsen, T. (2013) Diversion for safe sanitation: Flushable urine-diverting dry toilet with on-site wash water recycling embedded in a concept of transport logistics and treatment Various documents on results from research grant