Oxfam (2015) Market Analysis Application in WASH Response

Nzioki, M.N., Korir, A (2020) Effective Methods for Community Sanitation and Hygiene Promotion in the Developing World: A Scoping Review

World Health Organization data on the burden of disease shows that approximately 3.1% of deaths (1.7 million) and 3.7% (54.2 million) of disability-adjusted-life-years (DALYs) worldwide are attributable to unsafe water, sanitation and hygiene. In Africa and developing countries in South East Asia 4-8% of all disease burdens are attributable to poor hygiene and sanitation. Over 99.8% of all deaths in developing world are attributable to […]

Nabembezi, D., Nabunya, H. (0) Sanitation Marketing: A Handbook for Sanitation Managers and Private Sector Players

In order to address sanitation challenges, accelerate access and sustained use of latrines coupled with good hygiene practices such as hand washing Uganda’s Ministry of Health, together with Plan Uganda, has produced handbooks on sanitation marketing. The aim is to increase awareness and harness momentum for uptake of Sanitation Marketing among stakeholders such as government at policy making level, line ministries, district local government structures […]

Lügo, T. (2017) How to Use Social Media to Better Engage People Affected by Crises. A Brief Guide for Those Using Social Media in Humanitarian Organizations

What's in this guide? Online communication platforms have become a lifeline for millions of people affected by natural disasters and armed conflicts: social media and messaging apps help maintain contact with family and friends, and provide access to information, such as where to find food, shelter or medical assistance. This information can directly influence how people prepare for, respond to and recover from different types […]

World Bank Water and Sanitation Program (2004) The Case for Marketing Sanitation

Access to sanitation – the hygienic disposal of human excreta – has been largely achieved through the private sector supplying individual households. Evidence from what works indicates that development of the market is the only sustainable approach to meeting the need for sanitation in the developing world. This field note explains the marketing approach and suggests that it should be promoted as a central feature […]

Smith, W.A., Strand, J. (2008) Social Marketing Behavior: A Practical Resource for Social Change Professionals

Abel, M. (2017) Clean Hands, Good Toilet, Happy Family! Hygiene Promotion Guidelines and Tools. Western Pacific Sanitation Marketing and Innovation Project

It feels good to be clean. It feels good to live in a beautiful environment. It feels good not to get sick. Influencing health behaviour change seems like it should be simple. Present the logical evidence (information) for why changing a behaviour is worthwhile (washing hands kills germs) and the need for change should be obvious. But logic isn’t the only basis for making decisions […]

Global WASH Cluster (GWC) (2016) Cash and Markets in the WASH Sector A GWC Position Paper

Market based programming is increasingly heralded as having a critical place in the future of humanitarian programming. The proposed benefits of working through existing market systems include improvements to speed, efficiency and effectiveness of programming and increased beneficiary dignity and choice. Advocates for market based approaches claim that, where feasible, they promote economic recovery, resilience, acceptance and sustainability2. Implementing market based approaches is not new to […]

Allen, J., Brown, J. (2021) Market-Based Programming in WASH. Technical Guidance for Humanitarian Practitioners. 2nd Edition

Zurbrügg, C. (2017) Biowaste Management: The Key to Sustainable Municipal Solid Waste Management

Appropriate management of municipal solid waste is critical for public health and environmental pro­ tection. With denser settlement patterns, the chal­ lenge and threat becomes more acute. Managing biowaste with appropriate recycling strategies can reduce waste amounts by more than 50%, and create economic opportunities. Value products from biowaste include soil amendment and fertilizer, animal feed or a carbon neutral renewable source of energy. Biowaste […]

IFRC (2019) Checklist: Minimum Standards for Inclusive, MHM-Friendly Latrines

This tool includes checklists for (1) household latrines, (2) communal latrines, including public (e.g. markets) and institutional (e.g. schools) latrines to assess whether household and communal latrines meet minimum requirements for being inclusive and MHM-friendly – including being accessible for persons with disabilities.

Knight, J., Kontos, L., Da Cunha Forte, J., Muktadir, G., Gautam, O. P. (2020) Technical Guide for Handwashing Facilities in Public Places and Building

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended that all member states provide universal access to public handwashing facilities. Consequently, WaterAid and other organisations have been working with governments to install handwashing facilities in a wide range of public places and buildings, to support improved handwashing practices and reduce transmission of the virus. Locations include markets, public transport hubs, public/ […]

M. Peter, V. Misev, V. Schelbert, C. Lüthi, A. Panesar, J.C. Schlenk, N. Stauf, S. Semiyaga (2022) Handwashing Facilities Overview and Decision Support Tool with Case Studies from Uganda

Handwashing Facilities - Overview and Decision Support Tool with Case Studies from Uganda The objectives of this publication are twofold. The first objective is to give an overview of common types of handwashing facilities with a number of key aspects that need to be considered during the planning stage. Focus is placed on handwashing facilities that are generally suitable for installation at public and commercial buildings […]

Repon, A. C., Faruq, O., Mamtaz, R. (2015) Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Faecal Sludge Management

Demonstration of Pro-poor Market-based Solutions for Faecal Sludge Management in Urban Areas of Southern Bangladesh is a project implemented by SNV Netherlands Development Organisation in partnership with Khulna City Corporation, Jhenaidah and Kushtia Paurashavas. Improvement of working conditions in sludge emptying and transportation is identified as a major area of action under the project. In line with this commitment, the initiative has been taken to […]

Global WASH Cluster (2016) Cash and Markets In The WASH Sector A Global WASH Cluster Position Paper

Market based programming is increasingly heralded as having a critical place in the future of humanitarian programming. The proposed benefits of working through existing market systems include improvements to speed, efficiency and effectiveness of programming and increased beneficiary dignity and choice. Advocates for market based approaches claim that, where feasible, they promote economic recovery, resilience, acceptance and sustainability. This paper seeks to: locate CTP within the […]

Juillard, H., Sloane, E. (2016) Revised Pre-Crisis Market Analysis (PCMA)

This document provides guidance for practitioners on conducting market analysis before the onset of an anticipated crisis using an adaptation of existing post-crisis market assessment tools. Recommendations stemming from this analysis could be used to inform preparedness and DRR programming decision making as well as future emergency responses. This guidance focuses on markets, with the objective to improve programming. As with any humanitarian initiative, the […]

Keener, S., Luengo, M., Banerjee, S. (2010) Provision of Water to the Poor in Africa Provision of Water to the Poor in Africa

Standpipes that dispense water from utilities are the most common alternatives to piped water connections for poor customers in the cities of Sub-Saharan Africa. Fifty-five percent of the unconnected urban population relies on standpipes as their first water source. Other informal water providers include household resellers and a variety of water tankers and vendors, which are the first water source of 1 percent and 3 […]

The World Bank (2019) Informal water markets in an urbanising world: Some unanswered questions

Delivering safe and sustainable water supplies presents a fundamental challenge for an urbanising planet. Approximately 1.5 million people migrate to cities and their peri-urban fringes each week, and the fastest growth occurs in small to intermediate sized cities where infrastructure and governance capacity lag (Birkmann et al., 2016). Piped water systems are struggling to keep pace. In this context formal water markets have languished, while […]

Global WASH Cluster (2016) Guidance on Market Based Programming for Humanitarian WASH Practitioners

WASH markets are likely to be affected by a crisis. It can create disruption of both supply of and access to WASH-related goods and services. Both need to be considered and addressed by humanitarian responses to people’s needs. But if humanitarian agencies do not consider markets, interventions can accidentally harm these markets and the whole population depending on them. In the case of weak or […]

Eawag (2016) SODIS Manual Guidance on Solar Water Disinfection

The SODIS method is a water disinfection method, making use of the sun’s energy and using PET bottles. It exploits the germicidal effect of solar radiation – especially UV-A radiation - on diarrhoea causing pathogens. SODIS is recognized as one of several viable methods for household water treatment. It has been promoted, both as a stand-alone intervention and as one component in broader HWTS (Household Water […]