SASLN (2024) The Transformative Role of Science and Technology in Eliminating Manual Scavenging
Indian society is marked by deep- rooted complexities, where identities are shaped not only by religion, and class but also by caste that creates social hierarchies. Among the most dehumanizing manifestations of this structure is the practice of manual scavenging, where one person is forced to clean another' s waste. This report by the South Asian Sanitation Worker and Labour Network (SASLN) explores how science and technology […]
Online since: 25.06.2025
Views: 43
Downloads: 75
(2022) SFD Intermediate Report - Dipayal Silgadhi Municipality, Nepal
Dipayal Silgadhi municipality is the district headquarters of Doti District in Sudurpashchim Province of Nepal. The former district headquarters of Far Western Development Region, Dipayal Silgadhi lies in the lesser Himalayas on the bank of Seti River at 29°16′N 80°56′E. The municipality comprises nine wards, the smallest local government unit. (Municipality, 2018). The total population of the municipality is 32,941, with male and female population percentage […]
Online since: 12.01.2023
Views: 1720
Downloads: 2666
ENPHO (2022) SFD Report – Dhangadhi Sub-Metropolitan City, Nepal
Dhangadhi Sub-Metropolitan City is located on Southern belt of Nepal in the Kailali District of Sudur Paschim Province, Nepal. The city is surrounded by Kailari Rural Municipality in the east, Mohana River in the west, Godawari and Gauriganga Municipality in the north and India in the South. It is divided into 19 wards. As per 2011 population census, Sub-Metropolitan City has a total of 147,741 […]
Online since: 08.09.2022
Views: 2598
Downloads: 390
Sanitation Workers Forum 2021 (2022) In Conversation With Dr Hemangi Kadlak (Sanitation Workers Forum 2021)
A pre-recorded conversation between Dr Sally Cawood and activist, writer, researcher and teacher Dr Hemangi Kadlak (Assistant Professor, Vellore Institute of Technology, Tamil Nadu and Strivajin Foundation). In this recording, Dr Kadlak discusses the motivations for her research on sanitation workers and manual scavenging in India, with important takeways for us all.
Online since: 20.06.2022
Views: 873
Downloads: 0
Sanitation Workers Forum 2021 (0) Thematic Session 1: Marginalisation & Representation of Sanitation Workers
This session focuses on the changing terminology to describe sanitation work and workers, and persistent forms of stigma and discrimination that many workers face today. The speakers raise important questions about representation of workers in global and national-level advocacy, and the ongoing struggle to be recognised as an essential workforce. Speakers 1. Dr. Sheeva Y. Dubey (Assistant Professor, School of Media and Journalism at D Y Patil […]
Online since: 20.06.2022
Views: 852
Downloads: 0
Sanitation Workers Forum 2021 (2022) Opening Welcome Address and Keynote (Bezwada Wilson) 29.11.21
Opening welcome address by the Forum organisers, followed by a Keynote by Bezwada Wilson from Safai Karmachari Andolan (SKA), an Indian human rights organisation campaigning for the eradication of manual scavenging.
Online since: 20.06.2022
Views: 878
Downloads: 1249
Cawood, S., Prasad, CS. S. (2021) Findings Report Sanitation Workers in Tamil Nadu, India
The overall aim of the project was to identify the ways in which sanitation workers can improve and/or move out of hazardous and degrading forms of sanitation work – specifically pit latrine, septic tank, drain and sewer cleaning and emptying – in urban areas (small towns and large cities). The dire working conditions of sanitation workers – men, women and children engaged in the handling […]
Online since: 20.06.2022
Views: 930
Downloads: 682
WaterAid (2020) Status of Women Engaged in Manual Scavenging
The baseline survey was conducted in the four states of Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Jharkhand. This report has analysed the data generated for the following areas: a. Manual scavenging (MS) and dry latrines b. Prevalence of stigma, discrimination, untouchability, gender and caste-based discrimination and violence c. Participation in community led initiatives for rights and dignity d. Aspirations for economic and social empowerment e. Linkages/ inclusion with/in government institutions, […]
Online since: 19.06.2022
Views: 1085
Downloads: 246
Mander, H., Kumbhare, S., Bhattacharya, A., Chanchani, M. (2020) Optimising Education and Skill-building programmes for breaking the Inter-generational chain of Manual Scavenging
The Preamble to the Indian Constitution secures to all citizens of India equality of status and opportunity. Equality of opportunity means to give equal chance to every individual for the development of his/her capacity. Education is a Fundamental Right under Article 21 (A) of the Constitution of India. The Constitution of India under Directive Principles as well as Fundamental Duties also provides for universal, free and […]
Online since: 18.06.2022
Views: 830
Downloads: 1304
Mander, H., Kumbhare, S., Bhattacharya, A., Halder, B,. Chanchani, M., Poyam, A., Qaiyum, A. (2020) Implementation Review of the Prohibition of Employment of Manual Scavengers & Rehabilitation Act, 2013
There are twin tragedies that are involved in the continued prevalence of manual scavenging in our society. And one tragedy makes the other more tragic. Firstly, it is unfortunate that a country which boasts to be the world’s biggest democracy is still impervious to the fact that we have allowed people (largely women) to be involved with the practice of manual scavenging and cleaning of […]
Online since: 18.06.2022
Views: 1297
Downloads: 127
Mander, H., Kumbhare, S., Bhattacharya, A., Chanchani, M. (2020) Ensuring effective Enrolment and Inclusion of everyone engaged in Manual Scavenging
In the 64th year of the Republic the nation, it was recognized formally through a legislative act, for the second time after the initial 1993 act, that the “dehumanising practice of manual scavenging, arising from the continuing existence of insanitary latrines and a highly iniquitous caste system” that “still persists in various parts of the country” needs to be eradicated and those in this work […]
Online since: 18.06.2022
Views: 922
Downloads: 263
Mander, H., Kumbhare, S., Bhattacharya, A., Chanchani, M. (2020) Enabling and supporting women engaged in manual scavenging to successfully move to alternative livelihoods
In India, gender and caste plays a dominant role in the kinds of jobs that women in the workforce are employed in. It is well established that caste and patriarchy are the main compulsive factors that force people, especially women of the specific scheduled caste communities, into manual scavenging. They are into different forms of manual scavenging, mainly cleaning the insanitary dry latrines and carrying […]
Online since: 18.06.2022
Views: 894
Downloads: 462
Shrestha, J., Bajracharya, B., Nhemhaphuki, S. (2019) SFD Report - Bheemdatt, Nepal SFD Promotion Initiative
Bheemdatt municipality is located in Kanchanpur District of Sudur Paschim Pradesh, Nepal. The municipality covers an area of 171.63 square kilometres. It is home to 62,050 people as per census 2011. The municipality, which has been declared Open Defecation Free Zone on November 2017, is divided into 19 wards. The municipality has a stormwater drain in core urban areas but lacks municipal sewer thus all […]
Online since: 18.12.2019
Views: 3821
Downloads: 263
CPHEEO (2018) Advisory on public and community toilets
Sanitation has become a critical issue in the cities today. Ever growing population in the cities has made it difficult to provide quality service to all its citizens. Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM), the national flagship programme is dedicated to the improvement of sanitation condition in the country. Ministry is extending technical and financial assistance to ULBs for improving public sanitation facilities under SBM. The efforts have started to emerge […]
Online since: 16.09.2019
Views: 4713
Downloads: 565
Shrestha, J., Shrestha, R. (2018) SFD Report - Itahari, Nepal SFD Promotion Initiative
Itahari Sub-Metropolitan is the largest city in Sunsari District located in the Province No.1 of south-eastern Nepal. The total population was 1,40,517 living in 33,794 households extended in the area of 93.78 square kilometres and the population growth rate is 6.23. The sub-metropolitan does not have municipal sewer network, thus every household rely on onsite sanitation system. No open defecation is practised, but only 9 […]
Online since: 20.02.2019
Views: 4372
Downloads: 7158
Jacob, N. (2018) ODF+, ODF++ and Sustainability of Sanitation Thematic Discussion Series Synthesis
The responses provided a canvas of problems with sustaining ODF that covers technical, behavioural and physical issues. These issues, persistent since before SBM, must be overcome before India could move onto ODF+, ODF++ and ODF-S. All the issues were related to the ODF-centric approach of SBM that focussed only on toilet coverage. The technical problems concerned the quality of construction and types of toilets. Twin leach […]
Online since: 22.10.2018
Views: 5336
Downloads: 384
