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Sanitation Library

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Searching for information on Sanitation Workers?

The Sanitation Workers Knowledge + Learning Hub is the best source for all current news, trends, articles and updates on sanitation workers rights around the world.

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The challenge presently posed to humanity’s best and brightest is to develop practical ways and means for giving the “bottom billion” people access to safe and affordable sanitation that is pleasing to use and effectively removes human waste from the environment while recovering components that can be recycled.

The Reinvent the Toilet Challenge:
The initial phase of the Reinvent the …

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Sustainable sanitation projects can contribute to both climate change mitigation (through energy or nutrient recovery) and to climate change adaptation (through innovative sanitation systems and wastewater management).

Measures of renewable energy production consist basically of either biogas production from waste water or biomass production through the use of waste water to grow short …

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This case study is about a large-scale community-led water and environmental sanitation project in the rural area of Shaanxi Province, China. Up to June 2007 the project serves approximately 196,000 beneficiaries and has a total investment of € 1.8 million.

Objectives of the project are delivery of sustainable health and hygiene benefits to children and their families through improvement in …

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This publication is the second volume of "Making WASH in Schools ore Sustainable". Similar to Volume I, it showcases various approaches, both practical and innovative, to provide sustainable WASH solutions in schools around the world. The stories are not limited to the construction of water and sanitation systems but also show how these systems are operated and maintained through active …

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The Third International Faecal Sludge Management Conference was held in Hanoi from the 18th to the 21st of January 2015. More than 700 delegates from around the world shared ideas and discussed challenges and opportunities in on-site sanitation.

Below you find the list of papers in chronological order by day (Day 1-3) and room (room 1-3 ). In order to search by author, simply press "Ctrl+F" …

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Sustainable Sanitation is highly relevant for the achievement of three international frameworks: The Paris Agreement, the Sendai Framework and the 2030 Agenda. A sustainable future is impossible without universal access to safe, well-functioning and context-appropriate sanitation services. Until this is achieved, sanitation shortfalls will increase the risks human populations face from climate …

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This library entry contains background documents for a grant that Kartik Chandran and Ashley Murray are leading and which is funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.

Further information and a discussion is available on the SuSanA discussion Forum, see link below.

Title of grant: Fecal Sludge-Fed Biodiesel Plants: The Next-Generation Urban Sanitation Facility

Subtitle: Creating a …

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Since 1900's, anaerobic biogas digester had been applied successfully in Asian countries like India, Nepal and China, treating cow manure, pig excreta, organic waste or a combination of them, providing not only biogas, which is used as source of energy, but also slurry used as soil conditioner.

During last 20 years in India, different government and private institutions promoted the use of …

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This library entry contains background documents for a grant that Daniel Yeh is leading and which is funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.

Further information and a discussion is available on the SuSanA discussion forum, see link below.

Short description of the project:

The NEWgenerator is a compact and robust resource recovery machine that is paired with pit latrines, septic …

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This discussion brief introduces a new tool being developed in the SEI Initiative on Sustainable Sanitation.

There is increasing interest in the concept of the circular economy and “closing the loop” in our use of various vital resources – including water, energy and mineral resources. This is driven not only by an interest in reducing the social and environmental damage linked to …

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Biogas from cow dung with or without toilet linkage is in practice for over 3 decades in India. It
is supported by the Ministry of New & Renewable Energy, Government of India and State
Governments. However, the toilet linked biogas plant programme could not get required momentum, even
though it has several advantages.
To overcome the problem, the additional economic importance / advantages of …

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Tikapur is a municipality of over 60,000 inhabitants (56,136, 2011 census), located on the right bank of the Karnali river in the Terai district of Kailali, far western region. It is a “new town” and was founded about 50 years ago and is composed of four main different socio-economic settings. There is a well-planned core-urban area in Ward 9, which is based on a master plan prepared in 1972, …

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The book includes detailed descriptions of all the process steps to be followed during the production of biogas, from the preparation of the suitable substrate to the use of biogas, the end product. Each individual stage is assessed and discussed in depth, taking the different aspects like application and potential into account. Biological, chemical, and engineering processes are detailed in the …

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On behalf of Oxfam, Arup have conducted a technical comparison study on Faecal Sludge Management at the Rohingya camps close to Cox's Bazar (CXB), Bangladesh. The aim of the study is to draw conclusions on best practice FSM for disaster relief, from evidence gathered through practical experience. The study used existing available data to inform the analysis and in many cases these datasets are …

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Resource recovery is important to consider before choosing a method for faecal sludge treatment and management, to ensure technologies are adequately and appropriately designed to produce resource recovery products. The workshop covered a wide range of resource recovery opportunities from faecal sludge including composting, vermicomposting, protein, fodder and plants, building materials and …

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Lamahi municipality is located in Dang district of province number 5, Nepal. The municipality covers an area of 327 square kilometres along the stretch of East-West highway in the country. The municipality is home to 47,655 people as per census 2011. The municipality is divided into 9 wards. The municipality has declared open defecation free zone in 2014.

The municipality lacks sewer networks …

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Research on anaerobic digestion solutions for low - and middle-income countries has shown that there is a wealth of knowledge and experience with small- and medium-scale digesters built in rural areas where manure from a few cattle and some household waste is used as feedstock. However, anaerobic digestion still seems to play a negligible role as a treatment option in urban settings for organic …

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To-date, sanitation and waste management has mainly been approached from a public and environmental health perspective and this implies that excreta and other organic waste streams are seen not only as a hazard to quickly get rid of but also as only a very costly menace to manage. However, looking at sanitary and other urban organic waste streams from a resource recovery perspective provides an …

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Toilet linked biogas plants have been implemented at some scale in different villages in some districts of Gujarat by WASTE, Netherlands and FINISH Society, India. In an earlier study, the performance of such toilet linked biogas plants was compared to non- toilet linked biogas plants. The economic benefits of application of toilet linked biogas plant slurry on agricultural lands for different …

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The handbook includes activities for mobilizing trainees, preparing and conducting training sessions and the layout of training topics. Because of the way it is written, the ToTs or others who may be less experienced in workshop presentation may see this as an opportunity to develop new skills. This particular guide addresses some aspects of trainer preparation but focuses on the content and its …

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Project implementers, practitioners and researchers within the areas of urban and rural ecological and sustainable sanitation, organic waste management and agricultural reuse participated in the International Conference on Sustainable Sanitation on 26-29 August 2007 in Dongsheng, China in order to share experiences and best practices. The presentations of this conference are available as PDF on …

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This document aims at guiding how to design biogas stove.

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This manual is an outcome of (FAO/TCP/NEP/4451 -T) project being implemented with the Ministry of
Forest and Soil Conservation as the liaison institution. CMS developed this manual through six stages. To
start with, a team of four CMS professionals prepared a draft of this manual which was improved upon
based on the comments and suggestions from the national experts and practitioners. At this …

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This video shows the use of biogas at the ecosan sanitation project at Gachoire Secondary girls school close to Kiambu/Central Kenya.

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School sanitation - a common challenge in Kenya. The video shows the state of toilets and their negative influence on the hygiene situation and learning conditions in schools. The installation of ecosan systems is generating the confidence amongst the school staff to solve their sanitation problems and to gain from the benefits of biogas use, fertilizer and the irrigation water thereby saving on …

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It is hoped that the hand book will guide Biogas Construction Enterprises (BCEs) in developing appropriate business and marketing plans in order to increase the revenue as well as guiding BCEs in management and operational
issues. The Hand Book will guide BCEs on key issues of financial procedures and internal controls. The Hand Book will also serve as a guide for any small to medium size …

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This is the recording of an online expert chat using Adobe Connect hosted by Stockholm Environment Institute (Arno Rosemarin) on 1 July 2013. It is part of a larger grant that SEI received in November 2012 from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. The topic of this expert chat was "Research projects involving anaerobic processes with biogas generation", and it was the first expert chat in a …

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This curriculum is developed for the competency based training of Biogas Technicians. The term competency is at the heart of the training reform agenda, the new system of vocational education and training. Competency refers to the ability to perform ‘whole’ work roles to the standard expected in employment. Job performance involves more than the performance of a well-defined set of tasks in a …

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This video shows the EcoSan public sanitation project at the bus park of Naivasha in central Kenya. The sanitation system uses flush toilets connected to a biogas plant. The biogas is used at an adjacent cafe for cooking.

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SNV/BSP had organized a biogas training course from 17 to 20 May 2000 for the trainers of Junior Biogas Technicians (JBT) of the Institute of Engineering (IOE), Pokhara with the participation of 16 trainees having engineering background (Engineers and Overseers). The training was rated very useful. Subsequently, with support from SNV/BSP, Centre of Energy Studies (CES) of the Institute of …

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The previous chapters covered how stabilisation, drying, and pathogen reduction of faecal sludge (FS) can be achieved with different treatment technologies, and combinations of these various technologies. Each treatment technology results in endproducts which need to be further treated, disposed of, or harnessed for some type of resource recovery. Endproducts, for example dried or partially dried …

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Bardibas Municipality is located in Mahottari District, Madhesh Province of Nepal. It has total 14 wards and covers the area of 315.57 square kilometres. It is surrounded by Kamalamai Municipality of Sindhuli District in North, Aurahi and Bhangaha Municipalities in south, Dhanusha District in the east and Sarlahi District in the west. According to national population and housing census 2021, …

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Ilam Municipality is in Ilam district, Koshi province of Nepal. The municipality was established in 1958; one of the oldest municipalities in Nepal. It has 12 wards and covers the area of 173.32 sq km. It is surrounded by Maijogmai rural Municipality and Suryodaya Municipality in the east, Sandakpur Municipality and Panchthar Distict in the north, Deumai Municipality in the west, and Mai and …

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Phungling Municipality is in the Taplejung District of Koshi Province of Nepal and is the only municipality of this district. The total area of the municipality is 125.57 square kilometres which is divided in 11 wards (Phungling, 2023).
The total population of the municipality is 28,786, with male and female population percentage of 49.2% and 50.8%, respectively. In Phungling Municipality, 7,306 …

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Tilottama Municipality is in Rupandehi District, Lumbini Province of Nepal (MoLFM, 2016). The municipality was established on 8 May 2014. It has a total of 17 wards and covers 126.19 square kilometres of area. It is surrounded by Butwal Submetropolitan City in the north, Siddharthanagar Municipality and Omsatiya Rural Municipality in the south, Rohini River and Devdaha Municipality in the east …

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Resources and publications

Our library has more than 3,000 publications, factsheets, presentations, drawings etc. from many different organisations. It continues to grow thanks to the contributions from our partners.

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The three links below take you to special groups of items in the library for more convenient access:

Projects

The project database contains nearly 400 sanitation projects of many different organizations dealing with research, implementation, advocacy, capacity development etc. Advanced filtering functions and a global map are also available. Information on how and why this database was created is here.

People working for SuSanA partners can add their own projects through their partner profile page. You might need your SuSanA login upgraded for this purpose. Please contact us if you would like to add a project.


Trainings, conference and events materials

Missed important conferences or courses? Catch up by using their materials for self study. These materials have been kindly provided by SuSanA partners.

Shit flow diagrams, excreta flow diagrams (298 SFDs worldwide)

Shit flow diagrams (SFDs) help to visualize excreta management in urban settings. Access SFDs and more through the SFD Portal.

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