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Hawassa is the capital of the Southern Nations, Nationalities and People’s Region in Ethiopia. The Ethiopian Central Statistical Agency estimates that the population of Hawassa is 351,469 and it has an annual population growth rate of 4%. 100% of the population is reliant on onsite sanitation. The most popular sanitation technology being semi-lined pits (56%). Although the SFD shows that 75% of …
Tirupati is situated in Chittoor district in the southern of the state of Andhra Pradesh with a total population of just under 375,000. The town is a pilgrimage center and attracts a total diurnal floating population of about 55,000. During religious festivals the diurnal floating population exceeds 100,000. In Tirupati it was estimated that 70% of excreta is managed safely while 30% of the …
Danang is located at the South Central Coast of Vietnam. It is the fourth most populated city in the country with approximately 1,007,400 inhabitants in 2014 (GSO 2015). The total land area of the city is 1,285 km2, including 65 km2 of residential area (GSO 2015). Sixty-two percent (62%) of the excreta flow was classified as unsafe management along the sanitation service chain (containment, …
Khulna is located in the south-western part of Bangladesh, with a population of 1.5 million and a total area of 46 km2. Its National policy and strategy documents encourage both NGOs and the private sector to actively engage in providing sanitation services. However, the SFD assessment has shown that 100% of the excreta in Khulna is not contained and therefore unsafely managed.
The Shit Flow …
Nakuru is the fourth largest town in Kenya, lying within the Rift Valley and covering an area of 290 km2. Less than 30% of the population is served by the sewerage network, while the majority of the population use onsite sanitation services, predominantly in the form of basic or traditional pit latrines. Formal emptying services for fecal sludge has limited coverage, with the fecal sludge removed …
The city of Nashik is located in the northwest of the state of Maharashtra in the Western Ghats at the source of the Godavari River. As per Census 2011 Nashik has a total population of just under 1.5 Million. In Nashik it was estimated that 85% of excreta is managed safely while 15% of the excreta ends up directly in the environment without adequate treatment.
This Shit Flow Diagram (SFD) …
Kumasi is the second largest city in Ghana and lies in the Ashanti Region in the south of the country (Adarkwa, 2011). The city covers approximately 254 sq. km. It has an approximately population of 2.7 million with an annual growth rate of 5.5% (City Population, 2015, World Bank, 2008). A high percentage of the population of Kumasi is reliant on public toilets that are properly regulated by KMA …
Srikakulam is located in the state of Andhra Pradesh and is an important administrative and commercial center. The population of city is 133,911 persons. Lack of sewerage network, sewage treatment plant, malfunctioning septic tanks and pits as well as open defection are the causes of excreta being unsafely managed.
Date of production: 31/07/2015
Last update: 25/08/2015
Cuttack lies in the east coast plains of India; it is the capital and one of the oldest cities of Odisha. Population of the city reaches 606,007 persons, who are mainly dependent on malfunctioning septic tanks and pits. Only 32% of faecal sludge and wastewater is safely managed.
Date of production: 28/07/2015
Last update: 25/08/2015
Aizawl is the capital of Mizoram State located in the east of the Himalayan region of India. The density of the city, 2,823 persons per sq. km, is higher compared to state average, 52 persons per sq. km. 92% of the city depend on onsite sanitation systems and 8% of the city on offsite systems. There is no wastewater treatment leading to unsafe management of faecal sludge and wastewater.
Date …
Providing water and sanitation to Yei population is one of the concerns of the government, considering that around 60% of the households use pit latrines with minimal stability, mud floor and low privacy (whose management is affecting groundwater quality).; less than 1% of population have a septic tank and emptying contamination facilities is practiced by only 7% of the households.
This SFD …
Moshi municipality is an administrative district in Kilimanjaro province whose population has growth from less than 10,000 to 185, 000 residents. The majority of households depend on on-site sanitation which is poorly documented, not regulated or monitored. In Moshi it was estimated that 36% of excreta is managed safely while 64% of the excreta ends up directly in the environment without adequate …
The city of Kochi (also known as 'Cochin') is the touristic and economic capital of the state of Kerala located in the south-west region of India. The municipal boundary of the Corporation Cochin (CoC) has a total population of over 600,000. In Kochi it was estimated that 20% of excreta is managed safely while 80% of the excreta ends up directly in the environment without adequate …
The workshop presented the overarching framework of the WSP FSM study, and focused on key diagnostic tools being developed by GIZ, Emory University and WSP. These tools are designed to: track faecal waste flows (SFDs), assess public health risks (SaniPATH) and assess economic outcomes of interventions (ESI). By using a mix of presentations, case study-based group work and open discussion, the …
Wastewater characteristics for developing countries are usually either very generalising, outdated or only applicable in a limited context under specific circumstances.
The goal of this assignment is to review and collate accessible data on DEWATS design parameters in developing countries and where possible to classify it depending on country and income group in order to
• identify …
Alison Parker and her team at Cranfield University has been challenged to "Reinvent the Toilet". They propose a solution that uses membranes and electro-spray technologies to treat human waste on-site without external energy or water. The university received $810,000 funding from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation in August 2012 to produce a prototype in the UK by the end of November 2013 (in …
The Second International Faecal Sludge Management Conference was held in Durban from the 29th to the 31st of October 2012. 320 delegates from around the world shared ideas and discussed challenges and opportunities in on-site sanitation.
Below you find the Conference Report and the list of papers in alphabetical order by main author last name.
The available FSM2 conference presentations in …
School sanitation - a common challenge in Kenya. The video shows the state of toilets and their negative influence on the hygiene situation and learning conditions in schools. The installation of ecosan systems is generating the confidence amongst the school staff to solve their sanitation problems and to gain from the benefits of biogas use, fertilizer and the irrigation water thereby saving on …
Empowering Marginalized Groups- Convergence Between SBM and DAY-NULM is a guideline on convergence between Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) and Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana -National Urban Livelihood Mission (DAY-NULM). The guidelines are a ready reckoner for the government functionaries at the national, state and Urban Local Body (ULB) level to bring recognition to sanitation as a major livelihood …
This library entry contains background documents and results for a grant that Karsten Gjefle is leading and which is funded by the WSH Program of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation under the Grand Challenges Exploration (GCE) Round 6.
Further information and a discussion is available on the SuSanA discussion Forum, see link below.
NETSSAF, a project funded by the European Commission, with its consortium of 19 partners has set up objectives aiming at creating synergies from different sectors to support the large-scale implementation of sustainable sanitation systems in peri-urban and rural areas in West Africa. Several valuable results have been obtained, which aim is to propose feasible solutions for the achievement of …
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