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Sanitation Library

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Searching for information on Sanitation Workers?

The Sanitation Workers Knowledge + Learning Hub is the best source for all current news, trends, articles and updates on sanitation workers rights around the world.

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18 Downloads

Mansa is the provincial administrative capital of Luapula province and the town consists of urban and peri-urban areas. According to the Central Statistics office (CSO) data on population and housing of 2010, Mansa district town had a population of 228,392 with an annual growth rate of 2.4% per annum. However, the population of Mansa urban stood at 145,336. For the purpose of this assignment, …

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26 Downloads

Mahdia is located in Administrative Region (8) - Potaro Siparuni of Guyana and is also near the centre of the country with an altitude of 415 m and elevation of 1,360 m. The town is approximately 203 km for the country’s capital city Georgetown.

With a population of 4,200 residents at approximately 842 households within the township, the major water supply to households are private …

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In 2019, cyclone Fani devastated Badabenakudi village, leaving its people traumatized. Many locals felt powerless and dependent on others. It was in this context that the UNICEF WASH team in Odisha and the government sought to develop the local capacity of the community and enhance awareness of WASH. UNICEF and its partners worked with the local ASHA (community health worker), schoolteacher, and …

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Water is one of the most important natural resources of the nation. Nepal has an abundance of water resources, including snowpacks, rivers, springs, lakes, and groundwater. Rivers, streams, lakes, reservoirs, springs, and groundwater are the major sources of drinking water. Tap or piped water, tube wells or hand pumps, covered or uncovered wells, spout water, rainwater collection, and river or …

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Gia Nghia is a small but quickly growing and urbanising town. 87% of households have water supply provided on premises with projects underway to bring this to over 90%, and 100% of the population has access to a sanitation system (no open defecation is reported). Waste stabilisation ponds were constructed to treat wastewater, but these are not operational due to a lack of connections to the sewer …

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5 Downloads

As households move up the sanitation ladder, health risks presumably decline but the corresponding technologies may require increasing operation and maintenance costs. One critique of the ladder is that it prioritizes technology and could be improved if it included a functional approach to monitoring, such as including aspects of environmental sustainability that consider resource recovery. Using …

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Polite notice: This session includes detail (through the documentary film and presentations) about real-life cases of sanitation worker deaths and injuries, which some viewers/attendees may find upsetting*

Workshop to connect key learnings from the labour and human rights sectors (on occupational health and safety, formalisation, collectivisation, worker entitlements and responding to labour …

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8 Downloads

The rapid assessment attempts to collect information on the knowledge and awareness about transmission, symptoms, prevention and treatment of coronavirus, hand hygiene practices and concerns of sanitation workers and solid waste collectors about Covid-19 pandemic, the kind of safety measures put in place to protect these workers and the gaps that exist in terms of safety measures. Using …

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5 Downloads

WaterAid Pakistan commissioned this rapid assessment research on the knowledge, practices and perspectives of sanitation workers and solid waste collectors about Covid-19 pandemic in Pakistan. The specific objectives of research were to understand the knowledge, practices and concerns of sanitation and waste workers regarding coronavirus, and; to find out the gaps and come up with recommendations …

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10 Downloads

During COVID-19 in Fiji, UNICEF in conjunction with the Fiji Ministry of Health and Medical Services
(MoHMS) distributed WASH kits to a target population of those in home isolation. During any emergency
response, UNICEF has a core commitment to ensure accountability to affected population (AAP), and
feedback was sought from recipients on the kit’s suitability and acceptability. However, data …

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25 Downloads

The Compendium of Hygiene Promotion in Emergencies is a comprehensive and systematic compilation of the most relevant sector-reviewed components, tools, methods and approaches to design and implement successful hygiene promotion (HP) and behaviour change interventions. It is applicable to all critical hygiene behaviours across all response phases. It is not intended to be a ‘How To’ guide but …

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3 Downloads

La présente Norme internationale a pour objectif de faciliter le développement de systèmes d'assainissement autonomes conçus pour répondre aux besoins essentiels en matière d'assainissement et de favoriser la durabilité économique, sociale et environnementale, grâce à des stratégies pouvant consister réduire à la consommation des ressources (par exemple, l'eau, l'énergie) et à …

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Title: Towards SDG 6.2 – Reflecting on and Responding to the Pandemic and ODA cuts
Date: 29 June 2021 11 a.m. to 1 p.m.
Duration: 2 hours (Virtual)

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5 Downloads

One challenge facing WASH programs is that water and sanitation infrastructure are generally collective goods, while WASH behaviors involve individual responsibilities nested within collective norms. Social capital is theorized to facilitate collective action and enhance the diffusion of WASH-related behavioral interventions by enhancing social cohesion and collective action. We used a mixed …

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The Turkana people of north-west Kenya are nomadic pastoralists, whose livelihood depends largely on their animals. They also engage in other activities such as growing sorghum, fishing, hunting and gathering, and trade. A study was commissioned to investigate the socio-economic context of Turkana living along the lakeshore, including the relationship between the various economic activities. This …

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13 Downloads

Humanitarian needs are extensive and widespread. In order to best respond to the needs of people affected by humanitarian crises, research in humanitarian settings is increasingly recognised as a valuable endeavour which allows for contextually relevant knowledge generation.
Despite widespread appreciation of the value of research conducted in humanitarian settings, the inherent dynamism and …

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4 Downloads

Introduction
Purpose and rationale
Children have made significant and valuable contributions in emergency situations. They have taken on roles and responsibilities and they have taken action – including life-saving decisions. They have responded spontaneously and taken part in planned relief and recovery action. This has included them in protecting lives, providing health care, distributing …

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Zimbabwe implemented COVID-19-related restrictions early into the pandemic to limit the spread of the virus. These restrictions added to the ongoing macroeconomic crisis and high levels of inflation have had critical effects on individuals and businesses. Community perceptions associated with the virus and the restrictions, therefore, fluctuated throughout the pandemic.

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6 Downloads

In 2015, after a decade of approaching rural sanitation by subsidizing latrine construction with minimal results, the Government of Senegal launched a new strategy for rural sanitation defined by a transfer of responsibility for the acquisition of sanitation services to communities. This created an opportunity for market-based approaches for increased sanitation outcomes. In line with this …

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36 Downloads

This manual is for community health program managers, field supervisors, and others who need to monitor and evaluate their programs. Most often people who have such a responsibility, also have to collect data as one
of their tasks. The manual will aid them to train others in a simple and rapid method for collecting data to use for monitoring and evaluation of community health programs. It is …

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21 Downloads

The purpose of this risk communication and community engagement guide is to help you run a focus group discussion (FGD) with community members to find out the perceptions, questions, suggestions and rumours within the community about the new coronavirus. It is important the Red Cross and Red Crescent understands what people already know and think about the new coronavirus so we can adapt health …

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6 Downloads

This feedback starter-kit responds to key questions and provides the most important tips for setting up and running a simple feedback mechanism. The kit includes an overview of templates containing the necessary basic elements to implement and run a feedback mechanism. All tools can be found under the 'related resources' section of this page.

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4 Downloads

The guidelines set out essential actions that humanitarian actors must take in order to effectively identify and respond to the needs and rights of persons with disabilities who are most at risk of being left behind in humanitarian settings.
The recommended actions in each chapter place persons with disabilities at the centre of humanitarian action, both as actors and as members of affected …

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5 Downloads

In the wake of Ebola and in the throes of the Zika outbreak, more focus than ever is on the importance of strong and resilient1 health systems that serve and promote the well-being of individuals, households and communities. Engaging in social and behavior change communication (SBCC) preparedness efforts as part of strengthening a health system, and certainly prior to a critical incident, can …

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9 Downloads

There is now widespread recognition that participatory development-involvinig users and communities in all stages of the development process-is critical for achieving sustained benefits. By responding to felt needs, and by involving stakeholders intimately in all aspects of a program, participatory development creates "ownership," accountability, and a willingness on the part of users to manage …

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4 Downloads

This case study is one of a series produced by the Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs at Georgetown University and the World Faiths Development Dialogue (WFDD), an NGO established in the World Bank and based today at Georgetown University. The goal is to generate relevant and demanding teaching materials that highlight ethical, cultural, and religious dimensions of …

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7 Downloads

What's in this guide? Online communication platforms have become a lifeline for millions of people affected by natural disasters and armed conflicts: social media and messaging apps help maintain contact with family and friends, and provide access to information, such as where to find food, shelter or medical assistance. This information can directly influence how people prepare for, respond to …

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2 Downloads

This field workbook supports the implementation of the interagency (FAO, UNICEF, WHO) “Communication for Behavioural Impact (COMBI): A toolkit for behavioural and social communication in outbreak response”. It is a handheld guide and notebook for applying the WHO COMBI methodology in 7-steps, during an outbreak. It is primarily intended for risk communication, developmental communication and …

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12 Downloads

What is Crisis and Emergency Risk Communications (CERC)? The Centers for Disease Control’s (CDC) Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication (CERC) manual provides an evidence-based framework and best practices for anyone who communicates on behalfof an organization responding to a public health emergency.1 CERC is built around psychological and communication sciences, studies in the field of …

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1 Downloads

This literature review supports a broader ALNAP and CDA initiative aiming at producing evidence-informed guidance for humanitarian agencies on ways to strengthen the effectiveness of mechanisms for gathering feedback from affected populations in humanitarian contexts. It focuses on two key questions: (1) why and how humanitarian agencies seek, process, and respond to feedback from affected …

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80 Downloads

The present article presents an integrative theoretical framework to explain and to predict psychological changes achieved by different modes of treatment. This theory states that psychological procedures, whatever their form, alter the level and strength of self-efficacy. It is hypothesized that expectations of personal efficacy determine whether coping behavior will be initiated, how much …

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17 Downloads

During more than 20 years of civil conflict in both Somalia and South Sudan, sanitation interventions were mostly limited to construction of emergency latrines for affected populations or education on sanitation and hygiene, using the Participatory Hygiene and Sanitation Transformation (PHAST) approach, followed by fully subsidised latrine programmes for selected households.
There is little …

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Humanitarian aid is largely guided by anecdotes rather than evidence. Currently, the humanitarian system shows significant weaknesses in data collection, analysis and response in all stages of a crisis or emergency. As a result, the present humanitarian system is much less evidence-driven than it should be and than it would like to be.

To ensure that vulnerabilities, needs and access to …

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23 Downloads

It is well recognised that good communication and participation are prerequisites for successful community engagement in development and humanitarian action. We need more sustained dialogue and meaningful interaction with the people we serve so that they can take informed decisions and play an active or lead role in the aid they receive. So how do we get better at working alongside people …

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53 Downloads

Appropriate management of municipal solid waste is critical for public health and environmental pro­ tection. With denser settlement patterns, the chal­ lenge and threat becomes more acute. Managing biowaste with appropriate recycling strategies can reduce waste amounts by more than 50%, and create economic opportunities. Value products from biowaste include soil amendment and fertilizer, …

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This guidance seeks to address key gaps with respect to the specific practicalities of managing menstrual materials. Displaced women and girls using disposable products face clear challenges figuring out how to get rid of them in their constrained contexts. And those using reusable materials must be able to wash, dry and store them hygienically between periods, similarly with limited privacy. To …

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This document was prepared by the Humanitarian Programme Cycle Steering Group of the Inter- Agency Standing Committee (IASC). It is primarily for managers of organizations that prepare for and respond to humanitarian crises. It provides an overview of what needs to be done, when and by whom, to enable managers to allocate staff and tasks, sequence decisions and planning, and identify priorities.

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On 3 May 2019, Cyclone Fani made landfall in Puri district, in Odisha State, India. More than 1 million homes were destroyed, and approximately 16.5 million people were affected. Preliminary figures by the government estimated the damages and loss to more than Rs.12,000 crores (over USD1.6 billion). The UNICEF Field Office (FO) in Odisha, as part of their humanitarian assistance programme in the …

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69 Downloads

Nehtaur is a small town in Bijnor District, Uttar Pradesh and is located 26 km to East of BijnorNehtaur is a small town in Bijnor District, Uttar Pradesh and is located 26 km to East of Bijnorcity, District Headquarters (Figure 2). According to Census 2011, Nehtaur had a populationof 47,834 residing in 7,438 households (HHs). The population of the city as per SwachhSurvekshan (country wide annual …

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15 Downloads

Nawabganj is a town and a nagar panchayat in Unnao district which is situated between Lucknow and Kanpur in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It belongs to Lucknow Division. It is located 24 Km towards East from District head quarters Unnao. It is a Block head quarter. Nawabganj was established by Nawab Ramzan Ali (Nawab of Sheesh Mahal Estate Lucknow) in 1858. He established Nawabganj between …

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75 Downloads

For three decades the Water Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council (WSSCC) has operated as a global, multi-stakeholder membership and partnership organization working with poor people, organizations, governments, and local entrepreneurs to improve sanitation and hygiene at scale. WSSCC has been committed to a world in which everyone, everywhere can practice safe sanitation and hygiene with …

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113 Downloads

Pabna is a fast-growing city, which is 153 km away from the Dhaka city. It is beside the Isamoti River and well connected with road, water, and railways. It is one of the oldest towns in the sub-continent and was declared Municipality in 1876. Pabna is one of the 53 district level Municipalities in the country.

According to the population census in 2011 by the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics …

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Clean water provision is a critical component of emergency response, and chlorination is widely used in emergencies to treat water. To provide responders with practical, evidencebased recommendations for implementing chlorination programmes and recommend areas for future research, we conducted a literature review of chlorination in emergencies, supplemented with a literature review on …

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2 Downloads

The guidelines set out essential actions that humanitarian actors must take in order to effectively identify and respond to the needs and rights of persons with disabilities who are most at risk of being left behind in humanitarian settings.

The recommended actions in each chapter place persons with disabilities at the centre of humanitarian action, both as actors and as members of affected …

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1133 Views
66 Downloads

One of the more challenging aspects of developing pasture and grazing land is providing access to a reliable water supply for livestock. In some cases, existing streams, creeks, or ponds provide drinking water for the livestock. When a surface water source is not available, wells can be drilled and pumps installed to provide water for the animals. In some instances, surface water may be …

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exciting opportunity to redress a long-standing shortcoming of humanitarian response. There is a need to better understand and respond to crisis-affected people in a more holistic and coherent way, going beyond sectors to bring the emphasis back to how people live and perceive and prioritize their needs. Multi-purpose cash opens up possibilities for enhanced collaboration among technical sectors …

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For many residents of the Ayeyarwady Delta of Myanmar, rainwater collection from village ponds and
roof tops serves as the primary source of potable water throughout the year. In May 2008, Cyclone
Nargis struck the Delta region, damaging many of these ponds by breaching their embankments or filling
them with debris and saline water. Despite the ef orts of the international aid community …

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Wherever possible, a community should avoid the health risks which result from using contaminated pond water, by using an alternative, good-quality source. (Groundwater or rainwater sources will usually produce water of much better quality.) If a pond is the only source of water, the implementation of some of the ideas in this Technical Brief should improve the quality of the water. It is not …

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19 Downloads

This manual is intended for technicians, builders, trainers, students and development
agencies dealing with site survey, design, construction and maintenance of:

-Hand-dug wells in deep sand,
-River-intakes with shaft in riverbank,
-Intake chambers with elevated water tank,
-Subsurface dams built of soil,
-Subsurface dams built of rubble stone masonry and
-Sand dams built of rubble stone …

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5 Downloads

Arsenic is widely distributed element in the earth’s crust and ranks twentieth in elemental presence. As a Group V element, arsenic exhibits a broad range of chemical reactivity and it is commercially used in alloys with lead. Arsenic in natural water has been reported from several countries including Bangladesh, China, Chile, Ghana, India, Nepal, Rumania, Taiwan, USA and Vietnam. In India, …

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5 Downloads

UNICEF was part of the front-line response to the 2018 floods and their devastating consequences in the Indian State of Kerala. UNICEF’s work focussed on supporting WASH services and equipment in affected communities. UNICEF, with the support of national and regional-level administrations, local non-governmental organisations (NGOs), community-level organisations as well as national and local …

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14 Downloads

The Government of Afghanistan is investigating service delivery options to achieve access to safe and affordable drinking water (SDG Goal 6.1). One option to provide rural communities with sustainable and quality water is metered household water connections. The Afghan government began supporting such an approach in 2006 which it began to scale-up in 2016. This study documents and assesses …

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From the executive summary:

• This report summarises the work done under a grant from WSSCC (via UNOPS Geneva) to Skat Foundation to run and develop the SuSanA Forum.

• The SuSanA Forum is a well-established, vibrant online community within the sanitation sector and a major global knowledge exchange hub on topics relating to practical implementation, research and policy. It is an …

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192 Downloads

Sakhipur, recognized as municipality, is a town of Sakhipur Upazila which is located about 39 km by road from Tangail and 77 km northwest of Dhaka city, the capital of Bangladesh. Sakhipur became a Pourashava (municipality) in October 2000. It has an annual income of 6 million Bangladeshi Taka (BDT) over the last three years which makes it an ‘A’ category Pourashava. Sakhipur municipality …

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Over the last five years, the government of Punjab province has taken steps to develop an enabling environment for sustainable and at-scale WASH services. This Field Note outlines the sector policy and strategies, institutional arrangements and sector coordination mechanisms implemented. The arrangements for sector monitoring as well as budgeting, financing and capacity development are presented. …

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75 Downloads

Bithoor or Bithur is a town in Kanpur Nagar District, 23.4 kilometres by road north of the centre of Kanpur city, in Uttar Pradesh, India. Bithoor is situated on the right bank of the Ganga, and is a centre of Hindu pilgrimage. According to Hindu mythology, Bithoor is the birthplace of Lord Ram's sons Luv and Kush. Bithoor is also the centre for Revolt of 1857 as Nana Sahib, a popular freedom …

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99 Downloads

Bijnor city is located 12 km west to the bank of River Ganga and 460 km from Lucknow, the state capital of Uttar Pradesh. Bijnor is the district headquarter of Bijnor district. As per Census 2011, Bijnor has a population of 93,297 residing in 17,715 households. The population of the city as per Swachh Survekshan (Country wide annual ranking mechanism for cities with respect to sanitation) …

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25 Downloads

The International Organization for Migration (IOM) is committed to the principle that humane and orderly migration benefits migrants and society. As the UN Migration Agency, IOM acts with its partners in the international community to assist in meeting the operational challenges of migration; advance understanding of migration issues; encourage social and economic development through migration; …

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118 Downloads

Barwar is a town and a Nagar Panchayat in Lakhimpur Kheri District in the state of Uttar Pradesh It is a crowded town situated near Shahjanhanpur. The Gomti river flows through the town. The town is divided into 11 wards.
As per Census 2011, Barwar has a population of 14,196 residing in 1,229 households. The population of the city as per Swachh Survekshan (Country wide annual ranking mechanism …

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50 Downloads

Noorpur is a small town in Bijnor District, Uttar Pradesh and is located 38 km South-East of Bijnor city, District Headquarters. According to Census 2011 Noorpur has a population of 38,801 residing in 6,324 households (HHs). The population of the city as per Swachh Survekshan (Country wide annual ranking mechanism for cities with respect to sanitation) conducted in 2019 is 43, 500 corresponding …

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202 Downloads

Aya Nagar is situated on the Southwestern edge of Delhi. It is the last village of Delhi on the Mehrauli Gurgaon Road which connects South Delhi with the rapidly urbanizing city of Gurgaon in the adjoining state of Haryana. The settlement is bound by government campuses, the Aravali Hills and ravines formed by an ancient river course, now dry. It is one of the few villages in Delhi which has …

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The Hand Hygiene for All Global Initiative is led by WHO and UNICEF. It aims to implement WHO’s global recommendations on hand hygiene to prevent and control the COVID-19 pandemic and work to ensure lasting infrastructure and behavior. It calls for countries to lay out comprehensive roadmaps to ensure hand hygiene is a mainstay beyond the pandemic. It also proposes a framework for coordination …

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9 Downloads

In the Philippines, GIZ is providing technical assistance to the Department of Education in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (DepEd ARMM) to improve WASH in Schools. GIZ’s support forms Component 2 of the Australian Embassy’s Basic Education Assistance to Muslim Mindanao (BEAM ARMM) program. Additional support is provided by the German government through the Federal Ministry for …

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127 Downloads

In this webinar development practitioners and religious actors shared their experiences in collaborating to jointly achieve the fulfillment of SDG 6.2. . The speakers showcased best practices and innovative approaches and elaborate their view on the importance of religious actors on achieving universal access to water, sanitation and hygiene.

Unfortunately there were technical difficulties …

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28 Downloads

This report details the monitoring and evaluation of the recent innovation by WASTE among the small-scale farmers of the horticulture district of Nilgiris in the state of Karnataka in July 2019. Fifty independent farmers were selected for interviews through a random sampling with a mix of male and female headed households. Criteria was established to assess household income, crop yield, water …

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112 Downloads

An assessment of the coverage of sewerage network and effectiveness of the Panjapur Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) in Tiruchirappalli for safe treatment and disposal of sewage and fecal sludge for existing and future loads was carried out. The implications of the proposed extension of the sewer network were studied, with respect to the existing and proposed sewage treatment facilities. …

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5 Downloads

Coral reefs have experienced a global decline due to overfishing, pollution, and warming oceans that are becoming increasingly acidic. To help halt and reverse this decline, interventions should be aimed at those threats reef experts and managers identify as most severe. The survey included responses from 170 managers, representing organizations from 50 countries and territories, and found that …

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46 Downloads

There is widespread recognition that sustainable and effective WASH service delivery is not only determined by the state of infrastructure, but also by complex institutional, governance and financial management systems. While a “system” may be interpreted or defined in different ways, core elements examined by the UN-Water Global Analysis and Assessment of Sanitation and Drinking-Water …

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108 Downloads

Due to the lack of investment in a proper sanitation system in the Philippines - including sewage collection and treatment - close to 20% of the population (approx. 20 million) suffer from inadequate access to sanitation and 9 million rely on unsafe water sources. Additionally, a significant portion of the population is resorting to open defecation (6 million) as a negative coping mechanism, …

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Water is a playing element for children. In villages, children spend most of their childhood catching fish, swimming in the rivers and ponds. But these days water sources are full of waste and poisonous material, which is harmful for the water bodies and children. This film is an appeal to keep water bodies clean for the sake of our children and their healthy future.

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252 Downloads

Mandalay is located on the bank of the Irrawaddy on a rather flat and low flood plain, in the centre of Myanmar’s dry-zone. Mandalay is the second largest city of Myanmar. Mandalay experiences increased informal settlements due to rapid expansion.

All sanitation infrastructures in Mandalay are onsite. The SFD graphic shows that 100% of excreta is not properly managed. It consists of 34% of …

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254 Downloads

Alandi is a pilgrimage town and has a municipal council in Pune district. The population of town as per Census 2011 is 28,645 persons. The density of city is 4,188 persons per sq.km. which is very high as compared to the state average of 365 persons per sq.km. Slum population is 1,950 persons which constitutes 6.8% of the total population.

According to census, Alandi is dependent on onsite …

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209 Downloads

The WASH Innovation Catalogue is divided into thematic sections, each introduced through a short summary of the problem drawing on our 2013 Gap Analysis on Emergency Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Promotion and subsequent Problem Exploration Reports. Many of the innovations featured have been supported through our targeted Funding Challenges which directly responded to the priority problems …

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18 Downloads

The Menstrual Hygiene Management pilot was conducted among 80 refugee women and girls, aged 15-30 years in Imvepi refugee settlement over four phases, namely (1) exploration, sensitization and training of trainers, (2) trainer trial period, (3) beneficiary training, and (4) menstrual cup (MC) trial period of beneficiaries and final evaluation. In addition to the fact that female received …

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35 Downloads

The major focus of this report is the description and critical analysis of the main
wastewater treatment processes used in Brazil. Special emphasis is given to small to
medium size communities with populations lower than 100,000 inhabitants, which
represent approximately 95% of the 5,570 Brazilian municipalities. In terms of coverage,
around 40% of the sewage generated in Brazil is treated, …

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3805 Views
138 Downloads

A Menstrual Health pilot project by WoMena and ZOA implemented among South Sudanese refugees and host population in Rhino Camp Refugee Settlement in northern Uganda. The pilot involved 4 primary schools, including students, parents and teachers, over 6 months. 4 different distribution models were applied among the participants; one school got MCs only, one school got reusable pads only, one …

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28 Downloads

Pressing water scarcity in Jordan rapidly increases the demands of marginal water resources for the agricultural sector. Water management studies reveal that no single source could fully solve the nation’s water shortage and many integrated actions are needed to ensure water availability, suitability and sustainability. Yet, among these options treated wastewater has the largest potential to …

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98 Downloads

Pressing water scarcity in Jordan increased the demands of marginal water for agriculture, of which the treated wastewater is the most prominent candidate. Meanwhile, agriculture is an important economic activity in Jordan where treated wastewater could be a valuable source for irrigation in the agricultural sector. The reuse as percentage of total treatment as index which is of limited use for …

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280 Downloads

With the Syria crisis entering its seventh year in 2017, Jordan is hosting some 1.266 million Syrians, of which 655,833 are registered as refugees. Providing for their needs, without jeopardizing Jordanian people, institutions and systems’ development gains and opportunities, has impacted heavily on Jordan’s finances, increasing government expenditures on subsidies, public services and …

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16 Downloads

Urbanization is constantly on the rise, with cities already absorbing more than half of the world’s population and armed conflicts increasingly being fought in urban settings. Regions facing protracted armed conflict see a steady decline in essential public services, while the relief-rehabilitation-development paradigm and funding mechanisms fail to provide a satisfactory response in these …

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0 Downloads

The “Designing for Behaviour Change” workshop responds to community health managers’ and planners’ need for a practical behavioural framework that aids them in planning their projects strategically for maximum effectiveness. It is built upon the BEHAVE Framework, developed by the Academy for Education Development (AED). The workshop trains participants to apply AED’s BEHAVE Framework to …

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3120 Views
81 Downloads

Empowering Marginalized Groups- Convergence Between SBM and DAY-NULM is a guideline on convergence between Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) and Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana -National Urban Livelihood Mission (DAY-NULM). The guidelines are a ready reckoner for the government functionaries at the national, state and Urban Local Body (ULB) level to bring recognition to sanitation as a major livelihood …

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2525 Views
154 Downloads

Project implementers, practitioners and researchers within the areas of urban and rural ecological and sustainable sanitation, organic waste management and agricultural reuse participated in the International Conference on Sustainable Sanitation on 26-29 August 2007 in Dongsheng, China in order to share experiences and best practices. The presentations of this conference are available as PDF on …

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2192 Views
0 Downloads

The manual is intended for use by trainers and training institutions with limited access to formal training facilities and limited experience with advanced training methods. The trainees should have prior experience working in concrete construction and preferably be practicing masons. The manual imparts the most relevant and appropriate skills to masons to enable them to respond to consumer …

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2635 Views
40 Downloads

Excreta constitute a valuable source of nutrients. In many countries (e.g. China, Taiwan, Japan, Korea, Indonesia) they are traditionally and widely used to fertilize fields and ponds where fish and aquatic vegetables are grown. In these areas, faecal wastes carry considerable economic importance. This may increase in the years to come elsewhere too as a result of the growing cost of mineral …

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2529 Views
106 Downloads

The rapidly growing and small floating aquatic plants of the botanical family of Lemnaceae are capable of accumulating nutrients and minerals from wastewater. The latter are finally removed from the system as the plants are harvested from the pond surface. Because of their comparatively high productivity and nutritional value, particularly their high content of valuable protein, they provide an …

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1451 Views
32 Downloads

New national goals in wastewater treatment in the United States of America place strong emphasis on the use of natural systems and improved biological processes. These goals encourage sewage reuse through agriculture, forestry, and aquaculture (Duffer 1982). However, the cultivation of fish in wastewater has been of interest in the United States for only a short time: from a practical point of …

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2719 Views
63 Downloads

The report sets out to provide guidelines for the preliminary design of faecal sludge treatment schemes comprising solids-liquid separation and stabilisation ponds. The document is based on the results of collaborative field research conducted by the Ghana Water Research Institute and SANDEC on full and pilot-scale faecal sludge (FS) treatment plants located in Accra, Ghana. Published and …

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4050 Views
225 Downloads

This manual provides comprehensive technical information about the planning, design, construction and operation of WSPs and CWs for a wide range of applications. To understand and design WSPs and CWs requires the involvement of expertise in a variety of fields, including chemistry, hydrology, soil science, plant biology, natural resources, environmental management, ecology, environmental …

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2063 Views
35 Downloads

The present series of books has been produced based on the book "Biological wastewater treatment in warm climate regions", written by the same authors and also published by IWA Publishing. In this version, the books aim at presenting consolidated technology based on worldwide experience available at the international literature. However, it should be recognised that a significant input comes from …

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2074 Views
25 Downloads

The technical performance and user acceptance of a novel on-site sanitation system based on vermifiltration was tested for over 12 months in rural India. Ten households (mean household size = 5.6 people) who had previously practised open defecation trialled a pour flush toilet linked to a vermifilter, together known as a ‘Tiger Toilet’. Technical parameters which were monitored over this …

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2138 Views
4 Downloads

Women face greater challenges than men in accessing water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) resources to address their daily needs, and may respond to these challenges by adopting unsafe practices that increase the risk of reproductive tract infections (RTIs). WASH practices may change as women transition through socially-defined life stage experiences, like marriage and pregnancy. Thus, the …

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6351 Views
225 Downloads

The Sustainable Sanitation Alliance (SuSanA) joint roadmap 2015 to 2018 was drafted to organise the platform to respond more effectively to the challenges of the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) and the Post-2015 Development Agenda.

The SuSanA strategy process was initiated following a plenary meeting at the Stockholm World Water Week 2012. On initiative of the secretariat, a core group and …

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2918 Views
32 Downloads

2559 Views
33 Downloads

This discussion paper presents a scan of the current status of water, sanitation, and hygiene services and challenges in remote Australian Indigenous communities. It was conducted to make explicit the challenges requiring attention and to propose questions to stimulate discussion as to how various stakeholders can respond to these challenges. it was guided by examples of initiatives that have …

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4637 Views
117 Downloads

The guidebook on how to increase nutritional impact through integration of WASH and Nutrition programmes is an operational guidebook which demonstrates the importance of both supplementing nutrition programmes with WASH activities and adapting WASH interventions to include nutritional considerations i.e. making them more nutrition-sensitive and impactful on nutrition. It has been developed to …

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14152 Views
643 Downloads

The Sustainable Sanitation Alliance (SuSanA) was formed in 2007 with the aim of promoting and lobbying for sustainability in sanitation in the context of the Millennium Development Goals. Over the last 10 years SuSanA has made a significant contribution to sector development, with sector actors now focussing increasingly on the sustainability of sanitation services in a variety of ways. …

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4011 Views
96 Downloads

Sanitation21 is an important component of the global sanitation toolkit, which presents a planning framework based on international best practices. Initially developed in 2006, this updated version builds on recent experiences where good planning has formed an integral part of achieving improvements in urban sanitation.
In the context of this document, planning is essentially about responding to …

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2636 Views
14 Downloads

Australia is positioned next to south-east Asia, where one billion people lack access to adequate sanitation facilities. Only half the population in the Pacific Island countries have access to such facilities, while poor hygiene and unsanitary living conditions have contributed to children in remote Australian Aboriginal communities experiencing a higher rate of common infectious diseases than in …

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4182 Views
63 Downloads

This paper presents the general sanitation practices by the traders in a major market in Kuje located in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja and our efforts in reorientating the market stakeholders towards the provision and use of a new dry sanitation toilet complex. The market is known for its diversity in Nigerian ethnicity, culture and the variety of goods and services. A novel toilet …

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8513 Views
112 Downloads

Fulfilling every child’s right to water, sanitation and hygiene education remains a major challenge for policymakers, school administrators and communities in many countries. Although steady progress has been made to safeguard the well-being of schoolchildren, almost half of all schools in low-income countries still lack access to water and sanitation facilities.
The lack of quality data on …

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10478 Views
243 Downloads

The emergency Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Promotion (WASH) gap analysis project was funded by The Humanitarian Innovation Fund (HIF), a program managed by Enhancing Learning and Research for Humanitarian Assistance (ELRHA) in partnership with the Active Learning Network for Accountability and Performance in Humanitarian Action (ALNAP), and is a component of a larger initiative to identify and …

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7677 Views
96 Downloads

The purpose of the Public Toilet Advocacy Toolkit is to strengthen the capacity of citizen advocates and City officials to provide and maintain great public toilets that make communities livable, respect human dignity and promote health and well-being. PHLUSH regularly responds to requests from communities throughout North America seeking to increase toilet availability. These seventeen tools are …

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6424 Views
238 Downloads

The symposium responded to needs of action as identified during 2015’s World Water Forum 7 in South-Korea and 2015’s World Water Week in Stockholm. By linking actual experiences from implementation with innovative concepts of urban development, the symposium aimed

▶▶ to generate an input to the realization of respective SDGs and to the HABITAT III process (Quito/Ecuador, October 2016) …

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5030 Views
0 Downloads

Inadequate drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene (WaSH) in non-household settings, such as schools, health care facilities, and workplaces impacts the health, education, welfare, and productivity of populations, particularly in low and middle-income countries. There is limited knowledge on the status of WaSH in such settings. To address this gap, we reviewed international standards, …

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3362 Views
15 Downloads

In early 2004, the then United Nations Secretary-General Ko Annan called on former Prime Minister Ryutaro Hashimoto of Japan to Devise and execute this idea: bring together eminent people to advise on how to solve the planet’s foremost water and sanitation troubles, suggest a handful of attainable recommendations and a concise plan of action, and then provide the high-level leadership needed …

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4140 Views
34 Downloads

This primer addresses the basic elements of the UNDP approach to capacity development. It provides a simple, cogent and accessible illustration of the UNDP Capacity Development Approach for the benefit of development practitioners both within and beyond the UN development system – a real-world guide to real-world applications to strengthen and contribute to national capacities for development. …

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5162 Views
161 Downloads

This report covers the main findings of the impact evaluation conducted of a communityled total sanitation (CLTS) campaign implemented by the government of Mali (Direction Nationale de l’Assainissement) with the support of UNICEF. We conducted a clusterrandomized controlled trial among 121 villages randomly selected from the district of Koulikoro in order to evaluate health and non-health …

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3607 Views
11 Downloads

Objectives: This study explores the integration of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) and nutrition programming for improved child health outcomes and aims to identify barriers to and necessary steps for successful integration.

Methods: Sixteen semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with key stakeholders from both the WASH and nutrition sectors, exploring barriers to integration …

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4086 Views
10 Downloads

A study of physical, chemical and biological descriptors of the water in the storage réservoir of a combined stabilization pond (Ben Slimane, Morocco), during maturation, showed an improvement of the purification output for some variables after 36 days of rétention. Such an environment, rich with a range of différent nutrients, allowed an optimal development of plankton characterized by a high …

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38947 Views
2581 Downloads

8522 Views
262 Downloads

8112 Views
182 Downloads

6305 Views
223 Downloads

6409 Views
137 Downloads

This project investigated the potential for modifying the pour flush design, which is used widely in Asia, to meet the needs of the South African context. The development and application of pour flush systems in Asia was studied. Three case studies were conducted to investigate the experience of South Africans with low flush systems in the past and related technologies were surveyed. A prototype …

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7831 Views
723 Downloads

Emergency camp’s sanitation infrastructure is often inadequate and the risks to people’s health become extreme. Governments, NGOs and Humanitarian organisations are fully aware of these problems and the fact that the basic pit latrine design has not been improved upon in decades which aggravated those problems even more.
This is especially applicable for camps packed with tens of thousands …

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4228 Views
32 Downloads

4375 Views
36 Downloads

5259 Views
43 Downloads

11911 Views
401 Downloads

A revised version of Sanitation 21 (2014) is an important component of the global sanitation toolkit, which presents a planning framework based on international best practices. Initially developed in 2006, this updated version builds on recent experiences where good planning has formed an integral part of achieving improvements in urban sanitation.

In the context of this document, planning is …

read more & download …

6389 Views
91 Downloads

8835 Views
360 Downloads

4321 Views
16 Downloads

5640 Views
96 Downloads

15344 Views
521 Downloads


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Latest SuSanA Blog Articles

  • 26-03-2024Alice Brandt ,Mascha Kaddori:
    Let’s get wild: Water, sanitation and hygiene at the human-wildlife interface »
  • 21-03-2024Tabeer Riaz:
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  • 12-03-2024Beauty Mkoba:
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  • 08-03-2024Gloria Mariga :
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  • 05-03-2024Josphine Gaicugi:
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  • 01-02-2024Sanitation for Millions:
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  • 24-01-2024Anne Fetscher,Jörg Felmeden:
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Resources and publications

Our library has more than 3,000 publications, factsheets, presentations, drawings etc. from many different organisations. It continues to grow thanks to the contributions from our partners.

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The three links below take you to special groups of items in the library for more convenient access:

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The project database contains nearly 400 sanitation projects of many different organizations dealing with research, implementation, advocacy, capacity development etc. Advanced filtering functions and a global map are also available. Information on how and why this database was created is here.

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Trainings, conference and events materials

Missed important conferences or courses? Catch up by using their materials for self study. These materials have been kindly provided by SuSanA partners.

Shit flow diagrams, excreta flow diagrams (298 SFDs worldwide)

Shit flow diagrams (SFDs) help to visualize excreta management in urban settings. Access SFDs and more through the SFD Portal.

Emersan eCompendium

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We are hosting content from some other communities of practice and information-sharing portals. This section also provides a link to SuSanA's Sanitation Wikipedia initiative.

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Register as an individual member of SuSanA free of charge. As a member you can interact with thousands of sanitation enthusiasts on the discussion forum.  You can also get engaged in one of our 13 working groups and our regional chapters. Our FAQs explain the benefits further.

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