Bibliothèque

Mulenga, J., Blume, S. (2013). Fieldnote - Sanitation for all - Four innovative sanitation projects in Zambia - Faecal sludge management aspects and general lessons. Water Information Network (WIN-SA), South Africa. [801.02 KB]

Summary:
The DTF finances the largest sanitation portfolio in Zambian urban low-income areas currently. Sanitation projects are complex and require dedicated time and resources. Project …

� more details

Schaub-Jones, D. (2012). Sanitation as a business - Trends Shaping the Market for Urban Sanitation, a discussion paper. Stockholm Environment Institute, Sweden and BPD Water & Sanitation, UK. [815.82 KB]

Summary:
It does seem that the term sanitation as a business is gaining some momentum. Perhaps sanitation is not yet sexy, but it is certainly gaining more attention than it did a few years …

� more details

Halas, N. (2013). A solar steam sterilizer for treatment of human waste - Various documents on results from research grant. Rice University, USA. [899.14 KB]

Summary:
This library entry contains background documents for a grant that Naomi Halas is leading and which is funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. …

� more details

Narracott, A. (2013). Activating the urban on-site sanitation market with new technology - Various documents on results from research grant. Water and Sanitation for the Urban Poor (WSUP), London. [4 KB]

Summary:
This library entry contains background documents for a grant that Andy Narracott is leading and which is funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. …

� more details

Borden, R. C., Rogers, T., de los Reyes, F. (2013). Power auger modification to empty pits: developing a pit extraction auger - Various documents on results from research grant. North Carolina State University, USA. [908.37 KB]

Summary:
This library entry contains background documents for a grant that Robert Borden and Francis de los Reyes are leading and which is funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. …

� more details

Ensink, J. et al. (2013). New concepts for on-site sanitation based on bio-additives and pit design - Various documents on results from research grant. London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), London, UK and Bearvalley Ventures, UK. [1.44 MB]

Summary:
This library entry contains background documents for a grant that Jeroen Ensink is leading and which is funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. …

� more details

Munyana, S. et al. (2013). Catalyzing Sanitation Businesses - Various documents on results from research grant. Water for People, USA. [490.09 KB]

Summary:
This library entry contains background documents and results for a grant that Sherina Munyana is leading and which is funded by the WSH Program of the Bill and Melinda Gates …

� more details

WSUP (2011). Integrating faecal sludge management (FSM) into urban sanitation planning - Discussion paper. Water & sanitation for the urban poor (WSUP), London, UK. [4 KB]

Summary:
The management of faecal sludge from onsite toilets (pit latrines and septic tanks) is a notoriously difficult problem in dense low-income urban communities: often sludge is dumped …

� more details

Winker, M., Vinneras, B., Muskolus, A., Arnold, U., Clemens, J. (2009). Fertiliser products generated within new sanitation systems. International Ambition for Water Technology. WETSUS Congress, October 5-6 2009, Leeuwarden, Netherlands, Center of Excellence for sustainable water technology (WETSUS). [1.4 MB]

Summary:
The plant nutrients consumed in human society today are lost through the established wastewater treatment systems in industrialised countries as well as via insufficient or …

� more details

Frederick, R., Gurski, T. (2012). Synapse Dewatering Investigation Report - Omni-Ingestor Phase 2, Milestone 1. Consultancy report by Synapse (USA) commissioned by Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, USA. [1.95 MB]

Summary:
This document explores various available dewatering technologies, and analyzes their applicability for separating the liquid and solid components of septic holding tanks. The …

� more details

Foxon, K. (2008). Scientific support for the design and operation of ventilated improved pit latrines (VIPs). School of Chemical Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. [2.35 MB]

Summary:
A comprehensive review of literature relating to the design and operation of pit latrines, processes in pit latrines and pit latrine additives was undertaken. …

� more details

Still, D., Foxon, K., O’Riordan, M. (2012). Tackling the challenges of full pit latrines - Volumes 1 to 3. WRC Report No. 1745/1/12, Water Research Commission, South Africa. [5.14 MB]

Summary:
Volume 1: Understanding sludge accumulation in VIPs and strategies for emptying full pits …

� more details

WSA (2012). Benchmarking of Urban Sanitation Pricing and Tariffs Structure in Africa. Water and Sanitation for Africa, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. [5.32 MB]

Summary:
The study was conducted in Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ghana, Kenya, Mozambique and Senegal to explore how changes in the tariff system could increase access to improved sanitation and …

� more details

Still, D., Louton, B., Bakare, B., Taylor, C., Foxon, K., Lorentz, S. (2012). Investigating the potential of deep row entrenchment of pit latrine and waste water sludges for forestry and land rehabilitation purposes - WRC Project No. K5/1829. Water Reserach Commission (WRC), South Africa. [8.81 MB]

Summary:
This study investigated the application of the deep row entrenchment method under South African conditions with the aim of establishing whether the use of pit latrine and …

� more details

Bakare, B. F., Foxon, K. M., Brouckaert, C. J., Buckley, C. A. (2012). Variation in VIP latrine sludge contents. Water SA Vol. 38 No. 4, p. 479. [1.33 MB]

Summary:
This study investigated variations in the characteristics of the sludge content from different ventilated improved pit (VIP) latrines and variation in these characteristics at …

� more details

Nwaneri, C. F. (2009). Physico-chemical characteristics and biodegradability of contents of ventilated improved pit latrines (VIPs) in eThekwini Municipality. MSc Thesis, Faculty of Science and Agriculture School of Biological and Conservation Sciences University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa. [1.29 MB]

Summary:
Lack of access to basic sanitation and water by rural and dense peri-urban communities in South Africa has necessitated the introduction of ventilated improved pit latrines (VIPs). …

� more details

Opel, A., Bashar, M. K., Ahmed, M. F. (2012). Faecal sludge management in Bangladesh: an issue that needs urgent attention. Asia Regional Sanitation and Hygiene Practitioners Workshop, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [399.33 KB]

Summary:
The rapid increase of fixed-place defecation has created a new challenge for faecal sludge management in Bangladesh. In the city, this challenge is acute due to factors like high …

� more details

Nguyen Viet Anh, Nguyen Hong Sam, Dinh Dang Hai, Nguyen Phuoc Dan, Nguyen Xuan Thanh (2011). Landscape Analysis and Business Model Assessment in Fecal Sludge Management: Extraction and Transportation Models in Vietnam - Final report. Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering (IESE), Hanoi University of Civil Engineering, Consultancy report commissioned by Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, USA. [5.69 MB]

Summary:
The purpose of this research is to inform the sanitation sector, for the purpose of informing more in-depth empirical research and/or investments by governments, donors and other …

� more details

Mbeguere, M., Gning, J. B., Toure, F., Diop, B., Toure, S., Fam, A. (2011). Landscape analysis & business model assessment in fecal sludge management: extraction & transportation models in Africa – Senegal. Consultancy report by H2O Engineering commissioned by Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, USA. [2.42 MB]

Summary:
In general, fecal sludge management can be considered the weak point in sanitation because raw sludge is disposed of illegally. However, meetings have taken place between …

� more details

Sridhar, M. K. C., Wahab, B., Oloruntoba, E. O., Idachaba, A. (2011). Landscape Analysis and Business Model Assessment in Fecal Sludge Management: Extraction and Transportation Models in Africa, Nigeria Study Report. Consultancy report commissioned by Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, USA. [2.83 MB]

Summary:
To better understand the status of septic sludge management policy and practice in Nigeria, an assessment of landscape analysis and business model of fecal sludge management in the …

� more details

Ho, P. Y. C., Teh, T. H., Zakaria, M. Y., Lean, C. L., Tan, S. H., Sasidharan, V. (2011). Landscape analysis and business model assessment in faecal sludge management: extraction and transportation model in Malaysia - Final report. Consultancy report by ERE Consulting Group in collaboration with INDAH Water Konsortium (IWK) commissioned by Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, USA. [2.93 MB]

Summary:
The study was undertaken in three (3) model cities in Peninsular Malaysia and included Kuala Lumpur (land area 243km2), which is the capital city; Melaka (land area 689km2), the …

� more details

Mwangi, L., Nzainga, J., Muvelah, S., Kiogora, A. (2011). Landscape Analysis and Business Model Assessment in Fecal Sludge Management: Extraction and Transportation Models in Africa, Kenya Report - Volume I of II, main report. Consultancy report by Losai Management Limited, commissioned by Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, USA. [3.83 MB]

Summary:
As per the BMGates criteria for selection of the 3 local case study sites (cities), the Kenya Study Team selected Nairobi – the capital and the largest city - in the center; …

� more details

Bhat, N., Vashishta, A., Baskaran, C., Chopra, N. (2011). Landscape Analysis and Business Model Assessment in Fecal Sludge Extraction and Transportation Models in India. Consultancy report by The Right Angle commissioned by Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, USA. [5.08 MB]

Summary:
This study on landscape analysis and business model assessment in fecal sludge extraction and transportation models in India covered a sample of 1200 households in three cities …

� more details

Defere, E., Yemane, H. (2011). Landscape Analysis and Business Model Assessment in Fecal Sludge Management, Extraction and Transportation in three Cities of Ethiopia (Addis Ababa, Dire Dawa and Hosaena) - Final report. Consultancy report by Hywas Engineering Consultants & Partners (Ethiopian Team), commissioned by Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, USA. [3.03 MB]

Summary:
The main objective of the research study is to analyze the extraction and transportation operation of fecal sludge in the country and identify business opportunities in this …

� more details

Frenoux, C., Tsitsikalis, A. (2011). Landscape analysis and business model. Assessment in fecal sludge management: Extraction & transportation models - Cambodia - Final report, Volume 1 Main Report. Consultancy report by GRET, commissioned by Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, USA. [4.22 MB]

Summary:
If many stakeholders have paid attention to the access to sanitation growth rate, fewer organizations have offered a comprehensive analysis of the extraction and transportation of …

� more details

Zoungrana, D., Bere, C., Yiougo, L., Koanda, H. (2011). Landscape Analysis and Business Model Assessment in Fecal Sludge Management, Extraction and transportation in Burkina Faso - Final report. Consultancy report commissioned by Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, USA. [2.15 MB]

Summary:
The management of faecal sludge of on-site sanitation facilities is a big issue in Burkina Faso urban areas. This study outlines the sanitation services delivery in three (3) …

� more details

WaterAid (2011). Landscape Analysis and Business Model. Assessment in Faecal Sludge Management: Extraction and Transportation Models in Bangladesh - Final report. WaterAid, consultancy report for Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, USA. [2.08 MB]

Summary:
A well-coordinated effort over the past few years in Bangladesh has made it possible to reduce the rate of open defecation significantly. However, this rapid increase of fixed …

� more details

Chowdhry, S., Koné, D. (2012). Business Analysis of Fecal Sludge Management: Emptying and Transportation Services in Africa and Asia - Draft final report. Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, USA. [2.8 MB]

Summary:
This study was initiated and funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to map the urban sanitation situation and assess business and operating models for fecal sludge …

� more details

Koottatep, T., Surinkul, N., Paochaiyangyuen, R., Suebsao, W., Sherpa, M., Liangwannaphorn, C., Panuwatvanich, A. (2012). Assessment of Faecal Sludge Rheological Properties - Final report. Environmental Engineering Program, School of Environment, Resources and Development Asian Institute of Technology, Thailand. [3.03 MB]

Summary:
This study focused on onsite sanitation systems treating black water which collected from 4 types of sanitation system such as septic tank system, one cesspool system, two …

� more details

Kuchenrither, R. D., Stone, L., Haug, R. T. (2012). Omni-Processor Landscaping Project. Consultancy report by WERF (Water Environment Research Foundation), commissioned by Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, USA. [879.37 KB]

Summary:
The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation established a global development program area, Water, Sanitation & Hygiene, which focuses on sanitation that works for the poor in developing …

� more details

Menon, M. H. (2012). Landscape Study of Potential Investment Funds for Fecal Sludge and Resource Recovery in India - External report. Consultancy report commissioned by Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, USA. [642.6 KB]

Summary:
India has among the worst sanitation outcomes in the world and faces serious energy shortages that threaten its economic development, yet the area of energy recovery from fecal …

� more details

Chowdhry, S (2012). Landscape Study of Investment Funds Investing in Fecal Sludge and Resource Recovery in Sub-Saharan Africa - External report. Consultancy report commissioned by Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, USA. [715.37 KB]

Summary:
This report is a landscaping study of investors funding fecal sludge to energy enterprises in Africa, sponsored by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. In gathering information for …

� more details

Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (2012). Reinvent the Toilet Fair Program and Exhibitor Guide (14-15 August 2012, Seattle, USA) - and overview of grant conditions. [583.38 KB]

Summary:
The Reinvent the Toilet Fair showcased innovations from around the world that are creating a new vision for the next generation of sanitation. …

� more details

Kengne, I. M., Kouassi, D., Doulaye, K., Strande, L. (2012). Productive treatment of faecal sludge: from waste to fodder and profits - Evidence for Policy Series, Regional edition West Africa, No. 2. ed. Bassirou Bonfoh. Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire: NCCR North-South. [1.15 MB]

Summary:
In developing countries, lack of low-cost, efficient treatment technologies commonly results in faecal sludge (FS) from domestic on-site sanitation systems (e.g. latrines) being …

� more details

Various authors (2012). Second International Faecal Sludge Management Conference - Durban, South Africa. FSM2, Durban, South Africa. [862.91 KB]

Summary:
The Second International Faecal Sludge Management Conference was held in Durban from the 29th to the 31st of October 2012. 320 delegates from around the world shared ideas and …

� more details

Müllegger, E., Langergraber, G., Lechner, M., EcoSan Club (eds.) (2012). Faecal Sludge Management. Sustainable Sanitation Practice (SSP), Issue 13. EcoSan Club, Austria. [5.55 MB]

Summary:
Management of faecal sludge is often neglected but essential for the functioning of sanitation systems and the well-being of urban dwellers. Issue 13 of Sustainable Sanitation …

� more details

Peter, S., Zurbrügg, C. (eds.) (2012). Sandec News 2012 - July 2012, No. 13. Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), Dübendorf, Switzerland. [3.06 MB]

Summary:
Sandec News is the annual publication of the Department of Water and Sanitation in Developing Countries (Sandec) at the Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology …

� more details

Wall, K., Bhagwan, J., Ive, O. (2011). Piloting franchising O&M partnerships: connecting unrelated concepts, to create something innovative. 35th WEDC International Conference, UK. [60.88 KB]

Summary:
Partnerships, using the basic principles of franchising, could address many challenges in the operation and/or maintenance of water services. Franchising provides appropriate …

� more details

Various authors (2012). Workshop on Emergency Sanitation in Delft. WASTE, the Netherlands. [3.79 MB]

Summary:
Emergency camp’s sanitation infrastructure is often inadequate and the risks to people’s health become extreme. Governments, NGOs and Humanitarian organisations are fully aware …

� more details

Strauss, M., Drescher, S., Zurbrügg, C., Montangero, A., Cofie, O., Drechsel, P. (2003). Co-composting of faecal sludge and municipal organic waste - A literature and state-of-knowledge review. Swiss Federal Institute of Environmental Science & Technology (EAWAG). [1.21 MB]

Summary:
This review on the combined composting of (faecal) sludges and organic …

� more details

Rojas, F. (2012). Living without sanitary sewers in Latin America - The business of collecting fecal sludge in four Latin American cities. World Bank, Water and Sanitation Program (WSP), Latin America and the Caribbean. [3.44 MB]

Summary:
The present report spotlights the major challenges and the opportunities that lie ahead in fecal sludge management and summarizes the findings from four case studies that describe …

� more details

Mikhael, G. (2011). Sanitation market assessment, Freetown, Sierra Leone - VOLUME II: Assessment of faecal sludge emptying services. [2.59 MB]

Summary:
This report was commissioned by GOAL Sierra Leone to assess the sanitation market in the vulnerable communities of Freetown, Sierra Leone. It is intended to contribute to and …

� more details

Jimenez-Cisneros, B. E. (2007). Helminth ova control in wastewater and and sludge for agricultural reuse. [1.06 MB]

Summary:
A new version of the WHO Guidelines for the Safe Use of Waste Water, Excreta and Greywater in Agriculture and Aquaculture has been released in 2006. These guidelines, among other …

� more details

GTZ (2010). Sludge drying bed (drawing). Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH, Germany. [86.38 KB]

Summary:
Drawing taken from "Feasibility Study for the establishment of a poverty-oriented water supply and sanitation services for Yei, South Sudan" …

� more details

DWAF (2005). Options for dealing with full pits - Draft Guideline - emptying of pit latrines. Ministry of Water Affairs (DWAF), Republic of South Africa. [3.33 MB]

Summary:
This guideline aims to provide some guidance to municipalities on the options for dealing with sanitation services where on-site pits are the method of separating human wastes from …

� more details

O'Riordan, M. (2009). Investigation into methods of pit latrine emptying - Management of sludge accumulation in VIP latrines. Water Research Commission (WRC), South Africa. [4.43 MB]

Summary:
The main part this report is a fairly high level introduction to the issue of faecal sludge management. Where details and information have been readily available the report goes …

� more details

Sijbesma, C. (2011). Sanitation financing models for the urban poor - Thematic Overview Paper 25. International Water and Sanitation Centre (IRC), The Hague, The Netherlands. [3.65 MB]

Summary:
The provision of sanitation services in low-income urban areas is one of the greatest challenges in development. Population growth in developing countries currently outpaces …

� more details

Vodounhessi, A. (2006). Financial and institutional challenges to make faecal sludge management integrated part of ecosan approach in West Africa - Case study of Kumasi, Ghana. MSc Thesis (WM 2006.05), UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, Delft, the Netherlands. [1.95 MB]

Summary:
The debate on sanitation services provision in Africa should go beyond technologies and focus more on appropriate financial and institutional arrangements to reach systems’ …

� more details

Buckley, C., Foxon, K., Rodda, N., Brouckaert, C., Mantovanelli, S., Mnguni, M. (2008). Research into UD/VIDP (Urine Diversion Ventilated Improved Double Pit) Toilets: Physical and health-related characteristics of UD/VIDP vault contents - WRC Report No. 1629/1/08. Water Research Commission, South Africa. [4 KB]

Summary:
The eThekwini Municipality which is considered as one of the leading municipalities in South Africa in the provision of basic sanitation services has selected Urine Diversion, …

� more details

WIN-SA (2011). What happens when the pit is full - A story of pits, PETs and managed sludges. WIN-SA Water Information Network, Gezine, South Africa. [1.61 MB]

Summary:
Rapid urbanisation has outpaced the ability of many African governments to …

� more details