Environment and Public Health Organization (ENPHO) (2024) SFD (Level 2) Report - Bhojpur Municipality

Bhojpur Municipality is situated in Bhojpur District of Koshi Province in the eastern region of Nepal. It is divided into 12 wards and covers an area of 159.52 km2. It was established on May 16, 2014 and was reformed on 2016. It is formed by merging 8 Village Development Committees (VDCs) namely Gupteshwar, Siddheshwar, Bokhim, Helauchha, Bhaisipankha, Amtek, Taksar and Bhojpur. It lies at 28°53ʹ […]

Environment and Public Health Organization (ENPHO) (2024) SFD (Level 2) Report - Baglung Municipality

Baglung Municipality is situated in Baglung District of Gandaki Province in the western region of Nepal. It is divided into 14 wards and covers an area of 98.01 km2. It was established on January 31, 1997, by merging 3 Village Development Committees (VDCs) namely, Kalika, Mulpani and Laharepipal and was reformed on March 10, 2017 by merging 7 VDCs; Malika, Tityang, Bhakunde, Raya Danda, Amalachaur, […]

Environment and Public Health Organization (ENPHO) (2024) SFD (Level 2) Report - Gorkha Municipality

Gorkha Municipality is situated in Gorkha District of Gandaki Province in the western region of Nepal. It is divided into 14 wards and covers an area of 131.86 sq. km. It was established on January 28, 2014 by merging 3 Village Development Committees (VDCs) namely, Gorakhkali, Raniswara and Taranagar. It lies at 27°56ʹ03ʺ to 28°13ʹ07ʺ N latitude and 84°23ʹ to 84°38ʹ E longitude and […]

Environment and Public Health Organization (ENPHO) (2024) SFD (Level 2) Report - Resunga Municipality

Resunga Municipality is situated in Gulmi District of Lumbini Province in the western region of Nepal. It is divided into 14 wards and covers an area of 83.74 sq. km. It was established on May 8, 2014, by merging 4 Village Development Committees (VDCs) namely, Tamghas, Arkhale, Simichaur and Dubuchaur. It lies at 27°59ʹ to 28°7ʹN latitude and 83°12ʹ to 83°19ʹE longitude and at the […]

CWIS-FSM Support Cell, DPHE (2023) SFD (Lite) Report - Laksham Municipality

Laksham Municipality is situated within the Laksham Sub-District (Upazila) in Cumilla District (Zila), which is under Chittagong Division. The geographical coordinates of Laksham are 22°09'50.04" N and 90° 25' 50.16" E. It is bordered on the north by the upazilas of Cumilla Sadar Dakshin and Barura, on the south by the upazilas of Nangalkot and Manoharganj, on the east by the upazilas of Barura […]

Environment and Public Health Organization (ENPHO) (2023) SFD (Level 2) Report - Bheri Municipality

Bheri is an urban muncipality located in Jajarkot district of Karnali Province of Nepal. The municipality comprises of 13 wards. The municipality covers an area of 219 .77 km2. According to national population and housing census 2021, the municipality has a total population of 37,892 and 8,874 households (NSO, 2023). The climate includes a subtropical monsoon along the Bheri River. According to data from the Department […]

Environment and Public Health Organization (ENPHO) (2024) SFD (Level 2) Report - Siddhicharan Municipality Nepal

Siddhicharan Municipality is situated in Okhaldhunga District of Koshi Province of Nepal. It is divided into 12 wards and covers an area of 167.88 sq. km. It was established in May 2014 and was reformed in March 2017. It was reformed by merging 6 Village Development Committees (VDCs) namely Taluwa, Thulachhap, Jantankhani, Baruneshwor, Bigutar and Betini with former Siddhicharan Municipality. It ranges from 27°06ʹ00ʺ to […]

Anant Mitra, Prithivi Mohan, Shantanu Padhi, Arka Sinha Roy, Mahreen Matto, Niladri Chakraborti, Disket Angmo, Neha Kathuria (2026) Occupational Health and Safety along the Sanitation Service Chain Training Manual

This training outlines a two-day capacity-building programme designed to strengthen occupational health, safety, and social well-being across the sanitation service chain. The training equips participants to systematically identify role-specific hazards and health risks, and to formulate practical mitigation measures tailored to diverse sanitation functions. It builds technical competency in safe operating procedures, including the correct selection and use of personal protective equipment (PPE), while reinforcing […]

Environment and Public Health Organization (ENPHO) (2024) SFD (Level 2) Report - Ratnanagar Municipality

Centre for Advocacy and Research (CFAR) (2026) SFD (Lite) Report - Jatni

Jatni is located approximately 22 km southwest of Bhubaneswar, the state capital of Odisha. The town serves as a major railway logistics and transport hub, which significantly influences its socio-economic development and spatial growth and has established it as an important workforce centre. Geographically, Jatni is positioned at 20°10′ N latitude and 85°42′ E longitude, situated on generally flat terrain with minor elevation variations, averaging […]

Centre for Advocacy and Research (CFAR) (2026) SFD (Lite) Report - Khordha

Khordha, located in eastern Odisha, serves as the district headquarters. The town is situated strategically along NH-16, linking Bhubaneswar and Berhampur. This corridor has strengthened the town’s administrative role, economic activities, and regional connectivity. Geographically, the town lies at 20°15′ N latitude and 85°37′ E longitude. The climate is tropical monsoon, with temperatures ranging from 10°C in winter to 42°C in summer and an average […]

Centre for Advocacy and Research (CFAR) (2026) SFD (Lite) Report - Dausa City

Dausa City is located in eastern Rajasthan, approximately 55 km east of Jaipur along National Highway 21, positioning it as an important regional service centre and transit-linked urban node. Its strategic location along this mobility corridor has facilitated its role as a hub for trade, agro-based activities, local markets, and mineral-linked industries, while also supporting daily commuting and regional economic integration. Geographically, the city lies […]

Centre for Advocacy and Research (CFAR) (2026) SFD (Lite) Report - Chaksu Muncipality

Chaksu municipality is situated approximately 35 km south of Jaipur, along National Highway 52 and State Highway 2. Strategic location and connectivity through road and rail corridors have supported its gradual emergence as a satellite town of Jaipur, integrating it into the broader transport and economic networks of the Jaipur district. Geographically, the town lies between 26°46′ N to 27°01′ N latitude and 75°37′ E […]

IRC-WASH, Water for People, PSI, PRO-WASH & SCALE (Editor: Jess MacArthur) (2025) Market Based-Sanitation Course - IRC WASH

Market-Based Sanitation (MBS) sanitation programming approach which addresses market challenges to create sustainable sanitation services for all. This PDF-version includes both parts of a two-part online course from IRC-WASH's WASH Systems academy. The course integrates the latest global thinking and was developed by IRC WASH with support from USAID Transform WASH in collaboration with Water For People and Population Services International (PSI). In 2024, […]

CWIS-FSM Support Cell, DPHE  (2023) SFD (Lite) Report - Ishwardi Municipality (vn 2023)

Ishwardi Municipality is situated in the Ishwardi Upazila of Pabna District, under Rajshahi Division. It is located 27 km away from Pabna City centre. The geographical coordinates of Ishwardi are 24° 08' 60.00" N and 89° 04' 0.12" E. Ishwardi Paurashava is situated in the Ishwardi Sub-District. Ishwardi Upazila is bordered on the north by Lalpur and Baraigram Upazilas, on the south by Kushtia Sadar […]

CWIS-FSM Support Cell, DPHE  (2023) SFD (Lite) Report - Kamalganj Municipality

Kamalganj Municipality is situated within the Kamalganj Sub-District (Upazila) in Maulvibazar District (Zila), which is under Sylhet Division. The geographical coordinates of Kamalganj (upazila) are between 24°08' and 24°27' north latitudes and between 91°46' and 91°50' east longitudes. It is bounded by Rajnagar upazila on the north, Tripura state of India on the south, Kulaura upazila and Assam state of […]

Environment and Public Health Organization (ENPHO)  (2024) SFD (Level 2) Report - Triyuga Municipality

Triyuga Municipality was declared as municipality in 2016. The municipality is located in Udayapur District, Koshi Province. The municipality is divided into sixteen political wards. The municipality has total 102,725 population with 48,462 males and 54,262 females (Census 2021, n.d.). Out of total wards, ward number 11 has the largest population (11,400) while ward […]

Environment and Public Health Organization (ENPHO)  (2023) SFD (Level 2) Report - Neelakantha Municipality

Neelakantha municipality is located in the Dhading district of Nepal (Bagmati Province). Neelkantha was established on 8th May 2014 and restructured on 10th March 2017. The municipality is divided into 14 political wards. The municipality has a total population of 58,828 with 27,365 males and 31,463 females (Census 2021, n.d.). Out of total wards, ward number 3 […]

Environment and Public Health Organization (ENPHO)  (2024) SFD (Level 2) Report - Pokhara Metropolitan City

Pokhara Metropolitan City was declared as municipality on 10th March 2017. It is in Kaski District, Gandaki Province in Nepal. It is divided into 33 political wards. The municipality has a total population of 513,504 with 247,495 males and 266,009 females (Census 2021, n.d.) . Out of total wards, ward number 17 has the largest population (46,005) […]

CWIS-FSM Support Cell, DPHE  (2023) SFD (Lite) Report - Hakimpur Municipality

Hakimpur Municipality is located within the Hakimpur Sub-District (Upazila) situated in the Dinajpur District (Zila) under Rangpur Division. The geographical coordinates of Hakimpur are 25°16'59.88"N and 89°01'0.12"E.1 It is bordered on the north by the Upazilas of Nawabganj (dinajpur) and Birampur, on the south by the Upazila of Panchbibi, on the east by the Upazila of Ghoraghat, and on the […]