Sanitation Library
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The Sanitation Workers Knowledge + Learning Hub is the best source for all current news, trends, articles and updates on sanitation workers rights around the world.
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This study aims to evaluate the effect of factors influencing the performance of a small-scale operating wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) integrating anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) and biofilters with temperature fluctuations in the psychrophilic–mesophilic range. Over nine months of monitoring, the overall removal efficiencies for total chemical oxygen demand (TCOD), soluble chemical oxygen …
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Enhancing sanitation services is a major challenge for sustainable development and plans.
This work aims at developing a vulnerability hotspot mapping for improving sanitation services provision
in Jordan based on a multi-weighted criteria model. Multiple spatial, physical, demographic,
social, economic, and sanitation data were collected and compiled using GIS. We also considered
experts’ …
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After decades promoting sanitation in low and middle-income countries, several countries and the global sanitation community have come to realise that it is time to rethink the approach to accelerating access to quality services. Since 2000, the WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) has consistently reported that the share of the population in low and …
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The river Ganga is of enormous historical, economic, physical and metaphysical importance to India and is lifeline to millions of Indians living on its banks. It is considered a goddess in Hindu mythology and also has been prime witness of other religions.
Originating in the western Himalayas, Ganga flows south and east through five states in India. The Ganga river basin covers one third …
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Tarkastad (GPS coordinates: 32.0048 S, 26.2717 E) is a primary development node and serves as the local administrative centre for Enoch Mgijima LM (Enoch Mgijima Local Municipality, 2017). Tarkastad used to form part of the Tsolwana Municipality which was subsequently absorbed as part of the Enoch Mgijima LM. Tarkastad initially developed as a farming area and later as a church centre and a …
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Compared to conventional energy systems, the use of solar energy has some specific characteristics, which must
be considered when planning a Solar Powered Irrigation System (see DESIGNmodule). The following steps describe in detail the available configurations and individual system components of an SPIS operating
under constantly varying conditions due to daily and seasonal fluctuations. The …
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Soil and water conservation is a high priority in the drier areas of subSaharan Africa. Storage of water from the rainy season to the dry season, or even from wet years to dry years is highly important. Groundwater dams, which store water under the ground, can store sufficient quantities of water for livestock and minor irrigation as well as for domestic use. If sited and built properly, dams can …
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UNDP is supporting vulnerable host-communities in various areas of Lebanon including the development and construction of water networks and the improvement of livelihoods, particularly in the agricultural sector. For example, within the umbrella of the Lebanese Centre for Water Management and Conservation (LCWMC) at the Ministry of Energy and Water, a project funded by the Swiss Agency for …
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The modern Hydram uses a very old principle of physics in a simple but effective way to
move water from a stream or river to places where it is most needed. Where there is suitable
clean water available, it can provide supplies to remote houses or communities, allow
irrigation of inaccessible areas and maintain feed water for stock in areas at a distance from
water sources.
The use of a …
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Ground water is one of the Nation’s most important natural resources. It provides about 40 percent of the Nation’s public water supply. In addition, more than 40 million people, including most of the rural population, supply their own drinking water from domestic wells. As a result, ground water is an important source of drinking water in every State. Ground water is also the source of much …
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The multiple-use water services (MUS) approach is defined as an approach to water services that
considers the multiple needs of (poor) water users, who take water from a number of sources, and
communities’ own priorities as the starting point for investments in new infrastructure,
management arrangements, the rehabilitation of existing infrastructure, or for improvements in
management …
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A guideline based on the Swiss Re 2007 award winning pilot project “Water harvesting to improve livelihoods in southern Ethiopia: from pilots to mainstream” and large-scale implementation of sand dams in Kenya.
In the Kituï District of Kenya the SASOL (Sahelian Solutions) Foundation began constructing sand storage dams in 1995. Since this period, over 500 sand storage dams have been …
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In December 2017, the European Union Catalytic Support to Peace Building (EU-CSPB) Programme supported the rollout of a peacebuilding plan led by the Government of Sri Lanka and other partners. This programme supported a managed aquifer recharge (MAR) strategy in Jaffna to encourage the resettlement of communities after years of internal conflict.
To pilot a MAR feasibility study in Jaffna, …
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This report details the monitoring and evaluation of the recent innovation by WASTE among the small-scale farmers of the horticulture district of Nilgiris in the state of Karnataka in July 2019. Fifty independent farmers were selected for interviews through a random sampling with a mix of male and female headed households. Criteria was established to assess household income, crop yield, water …
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The main aim of this study originated from a request by the National Implementation Committee for Effective Integrated Wastewater Management – NICE to review and update the previously developed list of Hot Spots. Hot Spots are defined as areas where groundwater resources, through leakage of domestic wastewater from cesspools, septic tanks, or sewage networks or through inappropriate handling of …
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This study will give an overview on the actual amounts of TWW and existing reuse practices in Jordan. By using Geographical Information Systems 33 centralized wastewater treatment systems that serve communities bigger than 5000 PE have been mapped and the actual amount and quality of TWW (about 163 MCM in 2018) and its reuse is discussed, and the best practice examples for the reuse of TWW and …
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This discussion will examine a few aspects of the waste water economy. In November 2018, the SuSanA India Chapter, IRC and TARU organised a face-to-face ‘Insights Discussion’ on sharing experiences on waste water challenges and solutions, facilitated by the Ecosan Services Foundation, in Mumbai. That discussion brought out five issues – setting standards for using waste water and sewage, …
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In early 1967, the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan was among the first Arab states to re-establish diplomatic relations with the Federal Republic of Germany, leading to the development of an ever since continuing development cooperation programme. In consequence, GTZ/GIZ has been supporting the Jordanian water sector in tackling its many challenges for over 40 years: Between 1975 and 2016, a total of …
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Ramnagar city is situated on the banks of the Ganga River in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. The population of the city is 49,132 and its population density is 13,572 persons per sq.km (data from 2011). The slum population is 1,958,
representing 3.98% of the total population.
The existing sewer network covers about 70% of the households. The rest of the city (16%) is either dependent on …
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Pressing water scarcity in Jordan rapidly increases the demands of marginal water resources for the agricultural sector. Water management studies reveal that no single source could fully solve the nation’s water shortage and many integrated actions are needed to ensure water availability, suitability and sustainability. Yet, among these options treated wastewater has the largest potential to …
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Pressing water scarcity in Jordan increased the demands of marginal water for agriculture, of which the treated wastewater is the most prominent candidate. Meanwhile, agriculture is an important economic activity in Jordan where treated wastewater could be a valuable source for irrigation in the agricultural sector. The reuse as percentage of total treatment as index which is of limited use for …
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Mirpur Agricultural Workshop and Training School (MAWTS) is a Trust of Caritas Bangladesh. Legislation of MAWTS is under the Trust Act 1882 No. 8655 dated 12-08-2012. After the Liberation War in 1971, The Christian Organization for Relief and Rehabilitation (CORR) took up massive relief and reconstruction work. The CORR (In 1976 renamed as Caritas Bangladesh) brought fleet of trucks, power …
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Currently, the community based management (CBM) training is provided to the beneficiaries only when the water supply facilities are first constructed (before and after construction). However, several years could pass after construction before the water supply facilities begin to deteriorate and break down, requiring maintenance. Therefore, it is likely that, for a few years after construction, …
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School sanitation - a common challenge in Kenya. The video shows the state of toilets and their negative influence on the hygiene situation and learning conditions in schools. The installation of ecosan systems is generating the confidence amongst the school staff to solve their sanitation problems and to gain from the benefits of biogas use, fertilizer and the irrigation water thereby saving on …
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Project implementers, practitioners and researchers within the areas of urban and rural ecological and sustainable sanitation, organic waste management and agricultural reuse participated in the International Conference on Sustainable Sanitation on 26-29 August 2007 in Dongsheng, China in order to share experiences and best practices. The presentations of this conference are available as PDF on …
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From 14-17 October 2008, the German Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) convened the international symposium on “Coupling Sustainable Sanitation and Groundwater Protection” in Hannover, Germany, in order to highlight the immense problems of groundwater pollution due to absent or inadequate sanitation facilities in developing countries.
Together with international …
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The SuSanA workshop aimed at capacity building for the Water Supply and Sanitation Authorities (WSSA) from seven towns in Tanzania which participate in the program called „Seven Towns Upgrading Program“ financed by the EU water facility and KfW (grant financed). This program is contracted out by the Tanzanian Ministry of Finance and managed by the Ministry of Water and Irrigation. It covers …
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High-level experts from the sanitation and nutrition sector gathered together in the headquarter of Germany’s international broadcaster Deutsche Welle, Bonn for the WASH and Nutrition Forum on November 11th and 12th to discuss strategies for integrating WASH and nutrition programming in development and humanitarian contexts.
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This Irrigation and Drainage Paper is intended to provide guidance to national planners and decision-makers, agricultural and municipal managers, field engineers and scientists, health and agricultural field workers, wastewater treatment plant operators and farmers. Consequently, it covers a broad range of relevant material, some in considerable depth but some more superficially. It is meant to …
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BORDA-DEWATS constitutes the treatment element of a sanitation concept that starts with the individual user interface, the toilet, and continues with a simplified sewer system that connects a neighbourhood of less than 10 households up to a few hundred households. The collected wastewater then enters the treatment stage. Solid matter sediments under anaerobic conditions and decomposes by …
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Sanitation as per National Urban Sanitation Policy (2008) is defined as safe management of human excreta, including its safe confinement treatment, disposal and associated hygiene-related practices.
The Twelfth Five Year Plan (2012-17) of the states of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana and Kerala target to reduce the gap between the demand and supply of urban infrastructure services by increasing …
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The Cuvelai-Etosha Basin in Namibia is home to approximately 850,000 people – almost half the country’s population. They all need good and healthy water for their daily life, for farming and for sanitation purposes. The Namibian Ministry of Agriculture, Water and Forestry, together with the Institute for Social-Ecological Research and the Technical University Darmstadt in …
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Since 1900's, anaerobic biogas digester had been applied successfully in Asian countries like India, Nepal and China, treating cow manure, pig excreta, organic waste or a combination of them, providing not only biogas, which is used as source of energy, but also slurry used as soil conditioner.
During last 20 years in India, different government and private institutions promoted the use of …
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Dayanand Park is a multi-utility public garden spread over seven acres of land. It is the one of the well maintained parks of the Nagpur Improvement Trust (NIT), the responsible Development Authority of Nagpur. About 1,500-2,000 People use the garden daily for recreational and leisure activities, (such as yoga, laughter club, jogging) and as play area for children. The water requirements to …
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This library entry contains background documents for a grant which is funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (further information is also available on the SuSanA discussion forum, see link below).
Primary contacts at lead organization:
Prof. Joachim von Braun
Dr. Nicolas Gerber
Dr. Samantha Antonini
The purpose of the project is to improve the health and nutrition status of …
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The Third International Faecal Sludge Management Conference was held in Hanoi from the 18th to the 21st of January 2015. More than 700 delegates from around the world shared ideas and discussed challenges and opportunities in on-site sanitation.
Below you find the list of papers in chronological order by day (Day 1-3) and room (room 1-3 ). In order to search by author, simply press "Ctrl+F" …
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During the second half of the 19th century, the River Senne became the preferred outlet for wastewater in Brussels. While at the beginning of the century, faecal matter was collected and sold to farmers as fertiliser, the gradual adoption of mains drainage had the direct effect of causing a lasting increase in pollution levels in the river.
This research focuses on this transition. It questions …
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In this library entry we have grouped together up to five documents that we think are important "first reading" materials for anyone wishing to obtain a quick overview of this topic. For more details, please see the external links to the discussion forum below.
The documents listed in this library entry in reverse chronological order already exist as individual library entries but have been …
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The development of this sanitation concept paper and implementation plan was triggered by the large supporting votes from stakeholders and participants during the annual water sector conference of 2007. This indicates the growing importance of sanitation in the water sector. The overall objective of the IPS (WSSC) is to accelerate coverage of sani-tation, using appropriate technologies that …
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This manual is intended as a guide for small-scale vegetable producers, and as a reference for extension agents to use in training and demonstrations. Agricultural input suppliers in rural and peri-urban areas may also find it a useful resource to support and promote drip irrigation.
